Safety precautions when working with a hoist

Telfer is ... What is Telfer?

Telfer

(eng.
telpher
, from other Greek τῆλε “far” + φέρω “carry”) - a suspended load-lifting device (hoist) with an electric drive, provides a significant speed of both lifting the load vertically and moving it around the warehouse along the beams ( I-beams).

Application of hoists

Telphers significantly increase the productivity of work, where repeated lifting and moving of loads is constantly required. Most often used in industrial premises, warehouses, can be used to lift and move goods in the open air. The use of a hoist is unacceptable:

• to transport people;
• for transportation of red-hot and liquid metal, liquid slag, poisons, acids, alkalis and other dangerous goods;
• in an atmosphere containing explosive or flammable vapors, gases, dust;
• in warehouses of explosive and flammable substances, even if these substances by their properties do not saturate the atmosphere with explosive dust and gases;
• in explosive and fire hazardous places.

Hoist classification

• stationary (does not have running carts) or mobile (with a monorail or double-rail travel cart). electric hoists with monorail carts usually have a small carrying capacity - up to 20 tons maximum; electric hoists with a carrying capacity of up to 50 tons, as a rule, have a two-rail travel trolley in their design.
• with normal or reduced headroom
• have different multiplicity of chain hoists (2/1, 2/2, 4/1, 4/2, etc.)
• hoists of various designs and climatic conditions: VBI (explosion-proof version), tropical, marine versions, for aggressive chemical environments, etc.

dic.academic.ru

what it is? Description of the capabilities of the equipment and the scope of its cost-effective application.

In warehouses and various kinds of construction sites, hoists are common.
We are talking about special devices, which are also called a beam crane. Their main purpose is to move cargo from one place to another. The site https://skladax.com/ presents a wide range of equipment that can be used wherever the movement of goods is required. The hoist is an electric hoist (an ordinary hoist has a manual drive).

Technological differences

The fact is that an electric hoist is not used as often as a hand-operated hoist. Below are the actual reasons for this:

• the telfer has much more weight;
• installation is expensive;
• huge consumption of electricity.

However, before buying any equipment, you need to ask one simple question: “Will the equipment pay for itself in the future?”. It is hardly worth buying an electric hoist in a garage where handicraft furniture is being made, for example.

At the same time, in docks or warehouses where it is necessary to quickly load/unload and move goods, the above equipment will be indispensable, regardless of the amount of energy consumption.

Benefits of using an electric hoist

It should be noted that the carrying capacity of electric and manual tools for moving goods is practically the same. The difference in the speed of lifting and moving.

In an electric hoist, this speed can reach 8 meters per minute. The greater the mass of the load, the slower the lifting will be. It should be noted that electric hoists can be used at high altitudes.

For example, the indicated equipment has the ability to lift loads up to 30 meters.

The given characteristics of the equipment prove that it has a highly specialized, industrial focus. That is, the use is cost-effective where the equipment will be loaded throughout the working day.

It is mandatory to carry out systematic checks of the equipment, as well as comply with the safety rules for personnel when operating the electric hoist.

See also:

The video shows the process of using an electric hoist in practice:

Source: https://skladax.com/

euroelectrica.ru

industrial scale

So we have come to the analysis of serious hoists, and also to the very moment from which confusion and a huge overpayment begin.

Electric chain hoists begin to lift a load of 125 kilograms, and finish (successfully break off) already with its mass of more than 3.2 tons. Cable cars can also work with weights up to 10 tons! Which one is better for a company? Well, which one is more suitable, of course! Why do you need a car service, for example, a cable car, which costs ten times more? In addition, industrial hoists are divided into:

• General industrial - normal conditions of use;
• Explosion-proof - reinforced protective design;
• Tali for foundries;
• For chemical production;
• For different climatic zones: for the tropics, cold climates and so on.

In addition to this (there is another “besides this”!) The equipment differs in dimensions and other characteristics:

• For heavy duty;
• Reduced building height;
• Having additional technical options and so on.

The components of cranes and hoists can also be very diverse. Which one would you like to wrap in a bag? How much money are you willing to give away?

Warehouse hoists with electric drives with the usual building height are used in warehouses and workshops of industrial enterprises, where the ceiling height is much higher than usual. And much higher than the one on which it is necessary to lift loads! If the floor height in your warehouse is 20 meters, and the shelves or racks reach 16-18, a conventional hoist will not work! You will suffer and think all your life why you bought such sophisticated equipment. Such telphers are mounted directly on the monorail under the ceiling itself, but they have a somewhat simplified design. But hoists with a reduced height are somewhat more complicated in design, but they allow you to fully use the entire volume of the room. When installing such equipment, the distance from the highest point of the rack or shelf to the ceiling may be small. The entire mechanism is attached to the side of the monorail, and a special counterweight is installed in it to evenly distribute the bearing load. Everything is simple, it turns out: the design is more complicated - the cost is much higher.

What is the difference between a hoist and a hoist

A simple hoist and hoist come to the rescue where there is a regular need to move loads that have a decent weight. Labor productivity increases significantly when using these devices. What is such equipment, and how does a hoist differ from a hoist? Let's try to answer these frequently asked questions.

• Definition
• Comparison

Definition

Hoists are mechanisms designed to carry heavy loads. Such devices are indispensable in many areas. They can be found, for example, on construction sites, in production facilities and car services.

Manual hoist

Telfer - lifting equipment equipped with a carriage and an electric drive.

Telfer

Comparison

Before identifying the difference between a hoist and a hoist, it is necessary to focus on terminology. In accordance with it, the hoist is a kind of waist. Such units (hoists) are allocated to a special group due to some of their characteristics. But first, let's take a closer look at the hoists in general.

These compact devices successfully cope with lifting loads weighing more than one ton to a very significant height, and sometimes moving them horizontally. Tali can have a design of varying degrees of complexity. But each of these devices has a system for attaching to a support, a drive mechanism, a chain or cable, as well as a part that captures the load (most often it is a hook).

The simplest are hand hoists. They are relatively small and do not require the organization of special conditions for installation. Such a device can be hooked to any beam that can withstand the required weight. When lifting the load in this case, the power of the human hand is involved. More perfect are hoists powered by electricity. They lift the load much faster and to a greater height.

By itself, the hoist, manual or electric, has a limited area of ​​​​action - it moves the load only vertically, at the place of its attachment. To expand the capabilities of the device, it is suspended from a special carriage. And that, in turn, moves along monorails - tracks fixed on the upper floors of a workshop or hangar. Thus, the operation of lifting the object is combined with its transfer in the horizontal direction.

If there is already a carriage in the basic configuration of a lifting device with an electric motor, then the equipment is called a hoist. However, the hallmark of such a unit is not only the presence of its own movement system.

What is the difference between a hoist and a hoist? The fact is that, compared with a conventional device, the hoist can have larger dimensions and be supplied with additional accessories. Some models of such equipment are equipped with a control cabin. With the help of hoists, all kinds of heavy loads are quickly transported, which, of course, is beyond the power of a simple hand-operated hoist.

However, sometimes the most rational option is to use manual devices that do not require special skills to operate and are cheaper. This applies to conditions where space is limited and loads are light. If you can’t do without electric traction and there are opportunities for placing and installing a hoist, they use it.

thedifference.ru

Scope of use

The lifting device is used in many areas of production and construction:

• In the service sector;
• in production;
• industry;
• in loading operations;
• in warehouses;
• for transporting materials.

offers its customers only high-quality lifting equipment at affordable prices from world manufacturers. All hoists have their own design features, ensuring safety during operation, since all parts are made with an emphasis on strength. It is important to take into account the load of the hoist so as not to disrupt the operation of the equipment and avoid injury.

You can buy a hoist with different load capacities, with different functions and a long service life. The choice of the type of hoist depends on the purpose of use.

what it is? Design and description types of electric hoists

Home — Articles — Telfer — what is it?
Design and description types of electric hoists Let's figure out what a hoist is ... A hoist (as well as a hoist itself) is a lifting equipment. Telpher owes its origin to the English language, because the word “Telpher” in translation means “lifting and transporting cargo”. In the modern interpretation, we see the hoist as an electric winch, with the ability to move along a horizontal plane and with the function of lifting and lowering the load. The hoist is a common lifting device, it is actively used not only in large workshops, but also in small rooms (be it auto repair shops or warehouses). The main advantage of electric hoists over manual hoists is efficiency in operation and ease of operation, their use in production quickly solves the problems of transporting goods.

Hoist design

If we consider in detail the design of the hoist, we will see how elementary this device is. The structure of the hoist includes a block mechanism, which includes such elements as a gearbox, a conical rotor, a drum or sprockets (depending on the model of the hoist: cable or chain), a hook, a load gripping element and brakes. When buying a hoist, be sure to check the presence of engine overheating protection.

Electrical engine

When it comes to electric hoists, it is important to understand that hoists are the same hoists, which include an electric drive motor. In production, telphers are actively used as an independent separate unit, as well as the main lifting mechanism in cantilever, overhead and gantry cranes.

Species and types

For ease of use, the hoists are made with a one- or two-speed mechanism for lifting the load. When ordering a two-speed hoist, it is not uncommon to install a special microdrive that allows you to lower and raise the load at low speeds. According to the type of movement, hoists are divided into stationary and mobile.

To install a stationary electric hoist, a support is required, which can be in the form of a loop (hook) or special, firmly installed support legs. Judging from the name, it is easy to understand that a stationary hoist can carry out the movement of cargo only in a vertical plane. The mobile hoist incorporates a special trolley, which will not only allow you to move along the monorail, but also raise and lower loads. It should be noted that carts are divided into two types of drive: electric or manual. The first type is more convenient and mobile to use.

The control of the electric hoist is carried out using a push-button panel (suspended, radio-controlled) or from the cab itself, which moves during operation.

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Different varieties

Telfer and hoist are practically the same in the modern understanding of our production workers. In general, a hoist is a suspension device for high-speed lifting and transportation (moving) of goods along beams in warehouses or any other premises. But in our Soviet society, craftsmen and ordinary winches with chains or cables were hung on ceilings. Such hoists did not move, but at least they lifted weights very well. Today, equipment can be freely purchased, but why does this advanced solution not always smile at the heads of small industries? Demand is huge, demand is growing, and acquisition is a big problem. And all because not every manager and not even every full-time specialist who must determine the characteristics is able to understand them perfectly.

You need to start with what they are in general in nature and what they are intended for. Manual lever, worm, chain, electric chain and cable - depending on where the equipment will be used, such a hoist must be purchased. And the difference can be huge! Especially if you choose a hoist according to the table, practically not understanding what and how. The manual ones do not have such a large carrying capacity, if you need to both lift and transport weights in a horizontal direction, you need to buy a lever structure. If the area of ​​​​the room is not so large, or if you need a high lift, and transportation is only within the shelves in the warehouse, then a worm gear is better. And for a small private economy, it is necessary to purchase a mechanism with a chain drive, since it has a small carrying capacity, but good traction. Our private traders take everything they can see in the nearest construction equipment store, and very often not only overpay, but also greatly “overdo it”.

Tal and telfer. What is this? What are the differences?

What is tal?

Tali is a separate group of lifting mechanisms used in industry. They are compact and are used for lifting and moving loads. The total weight of the cargo is ten to twelve tons. As for the height of the lift, it is very different, but it rarely goes beyond the level of twenty-four meters. The scope is very different. The hoists can be used both on the construction site and in the workshop at one of the manufacturing enterprises.

Where are hoists used?

Along with other lifting machines and mechanisms, the hoist is used in a wide range of the most diverse works. Having proven themselves perfectly in construction and installation works, they are also widely in demand for repair work, as well as when operating in warehouses. They are widely used in industry, and most often - in the electrical version. The drive in a waist can be both electric, and manual. Electric hoists are also called hoists.

What is a telfer?

The hoist is characterized by a much higher speed of lifting the load than the simple names of the hoist, where a manual drive is used. The speed of the electric hoist is approximately 8 meters per minute. At the same time, the hoists are characterized by a long service life. Their efficiency is also quite high.

Disadvantages of hoists

But it also has its drawbacks, of course. In particular, like any industrial equipment, telphers, in comparison with manual counterparts, have too much weight and dimensions, which makes it difficult to work in cramped and limited space. Also, electric hoists are characterized by high energy intensity. Unfortunately, the installation of automatic analogues is still difficult, and therefore requires a significant amount of time. Manual hoists are much easier to install. For them, it is enough just to be suspended on any beam, as long as it is reliable. With their own weight of fifty kilograms, they are able to lift a weight many times greater than their own - up to 9 tons. Naturally, the more the load weighs, the slower the lifting is. Telphers, on the other hand, require much more attention to their installation than manual counterparts. And they cost a lot more. However, since the efficiency of their work is quite significant, as well as the duration of their service life, they more than pay for themselves.

Hand hoist device

In manual hoists, most often welding or plate chains are used, which play the role of a traction element. Chain blocks are wrapped around by special durable calibrated chains. Thanks to the use of chains, it was possible to reduce the weight of the device itself, as well as somewhat limit its size. Also, the use of chains made it unnecessary to use the drum, which was simply necessary before. The hoist itself is suspended permanently, but if the specifics of the work require the movement of the machine, then special crampons are used, with the help of which these hoists are moved inside the hangar or warehouse. Thanks to the use of these devices, the scope of use of the hoist is significantly expanding. If the weight of the load does not exceed a ton, and the height to which it should be lifted is small, then in the case of using a mobile cart, it may not have a drive at all. Hoists with a manual drive are driven by the simple muscular strength of workers. Such machines are used in almost all areas of production. They can be found in the production of any equipment. They also come across in the field of mechanical engineering. Hand hoists are popular due to their ease of installation and low cost. They are quite versatile, and therefore perfectly cope with the loading of almost any type of cargo. For installation, as already mentioned, they are not at all demanding, for their fastening it is enough to use even a temporary beam located somewhere on the construction site. Today, hand hoists are divided into several main types: worm, gear and lever hoists.

Worm hoists

They are the most popular and widespread. They got their name from the name of their transmission mechanism. Usually, such a hoist is suspended from a beam or trolley with a hook. The direct capture of the load is also carried out using a hook. Then the drive unit starts to rotate, and the rotation of the drive sprocket begins through the worm wheel. With its help, the hook holder is raised and lowered, and, accordingly, the load suspended on it. The worm is specially made two-way, and not self-braking. This simplifies the operation process. To hold the load, standard load-bearing brakes are used. The latter are of conical and disk type with axial reinforcement of the worm.

Lever hoists

Lever hoists are the second most popular type of these lifting machines. They are also versatile in use on objects of various kinds. But they can be used in particularly confined spaces, such as in a well or trench. Their very design, as well as dimensions and weight, allow this. Lever hoists are easy to mount and have a small leverage amplitude. It also uses a chain. The ability to work in cramped conditions affected the carrying capacity. Compared to other types of hoists, this one is quite low, as well as the speed of its rise.

Electric hoists

But electric hoists are characterized by a much greater load capacity, lifting speed and threshold height. They are hung on transport trolleys, which are mounted on monorail beams. Another name for electric hoists with such a trolley is electric hoists. Today in the domestic market there is a fairly large selection of electric hoists, both foreign and domestic manufacturers. Their dimensions and technical characteristics are very diverse, and therefore the customer always has a choice of which model to purchase in each case. It all depends on the specifics of the work that the hoists will have to perform. In the modern construction industry in Russia, domestically produced hoists are gradually gaining popularity, although Bulgarian models also do not lose respect among true connoisseurs of these building products.

ks-gpo.ru

Model T10352

The T10352 electric hoist with a lifting capacity of one ton is selected taking into account important technical characteristics. The hoist for 1 ton is the most demanded equipment and has a number of advantages:

• easy to maintain;
• practical;
• long service life;
• safe use.

Electric lifting equipment can be continuously operated for 20-30 minutes, after which it must be turned off for 5 minutes. Bulgarian telphers up to 1000 kg have an average power, which saves the cost of the cable when installing it.

Lifting equipment can be operated at a height of 6 to 36 meters. The most demanded sphere of use is the loading and unloading of goods in production workshops, factories and factories, automotive services.

The Bulgarian electric hoist can be used both in normal and in aggressive environments. Withstands temperature conditions ranging from minus 40 to plus 40 degrees Celsius. The use of electrical equipment in various climatic conditions makes it in demand in every corner of the world.

Telfer Wikipedia

Telfer

(English telpher, from other Greek τῆλε “far away” + φέρω “carry”) - a suspended load-lifting device (hoist) with an electric drive, provides a significant speed of both lifting the load vertically and moving it around the warehouse along the beams ( I-beams).

The name "telpher" is widely used in production, although it is not recommended by the standard.[1]

Hoist marking

According to GOST 12971 [2], a plate must be attached to the hoist of any kind, which contains information about the following parameters:

• serial number according to the numbering system of the manufacturer;
• operating voltage;
• symbol;
• name or trademark of the manufacturer;
• month and year of issue;
• rated load capacity;
• group of classification (mode) of work;
• lifting range.

Hoist classification

Telphers can be classified according to several parameters:

By type of chain hoist

By type of movement

• stationary
• mobile

By type of lifting mechanism

• rope
• chain

By lift height

• normal
• lowered

By number of speeds

• single speed
• two-speed

By version

• fireproof
• explosion-proof
• tropical
• maritime
• for aggressive chemical environments

In accordance with GOST 15150 [3], the following types of climatic modifications of electric hoists are distinguished:

• U2 and U3 have a limitation of operation to minus 40 °C;

• TU2 and TU3 operate at a temperature not lower than minus 20 °C.

Stationary hoists

Stationary telphers are used during lifting operations when the load is attached to a hook and is in a vertical position. Stationary electric hoists (electric hoists) can be controlled both from a conventional pendant console and from a radio-controlled console. The stationary electric hoist is used both indoors at a temperature regime of −20…+40°С with a standard configuration, and in working conditions on the street or under a canopy with a temperature of −40…+40°С. The electric stationary hoist is equipped with special thermal protection necessary for the normal operation of the electric motor. In contrast to the design of the rope hoist, the electric stationary chain hoist is small in size and relatively light in weight.

Application of hoists

Telphers significantly increase the productivity of work, where repeated lifting and moving of loads is constantly required. Most often used in industrial premises, warehouses, can be used to lift and move goods in the open air. The use of a hoist is unacceptable:

• to transport people;
• for transportation of red-hot and liquid metal, liquid slag, poisons, acids, alkalis and other dangerous goods;
• in an atmosphere containing explosive or flammable vapors, gases, dust;
• in warehouses of explosive and flammable substances, even if these substances by their properties do not saturate the atmosphere with explosive dust and gases;
• in explosive and fire hazardous places.

Notes

wikiredia.ru

Safety precautions when working with a hoist

General safety requirements:

Regardless of the fact that instructions for safe operation are included in the relevant sections of the Instruction, the following specific requirements must be observed:

1. Do not allow the lifting and moving of the load above the service personnel or other persons.
2. Every day before starting work, check the operation of the brakes and the limit switch.
3. A lifted load must not be left unattended.
4. The nominal load capacity must not be exceeded.
5. Do not lift the load at an angle or drag it along the ground.
6. It is necessary to check the condition of the cargo cable and, if necessary, replace it in a timely manner. When replacing, pay attention to the strong fastening of its two ends.
7. After replacing the cable, as well as after repairing and re-assembling the electric hoist, it is necessary to check the phase coincidence and the adjustment of the limit switch at the upper and lower extreme positions of the load hook (clause 4.4).
8. When the maximum allowable axial stroke of the electric motor rotor is reached during operation, it is necessary to adjust the brake (clause 5.4).
9. When performing operations for maintenance or repair of the electric hoist, you should pay attention to the following: release the electric hoist from the load; turn off the power supply using the mains switch and prevent it from being turned on by unauthorized persons or accidentally turned on.
10. The load hook should be checked for cracks, deformations, and the safety latch is in good condition.
11. Load-bearing bolted connections should be checked to prevent self-loosening.
12. It is necessary to check the reliability of the connection: protective wire of the supply cable to the protective busbar of the electrical panel; both ends of the protective conductors of the transformer and motor cables.
13. When using electric hoists with a movement mechanism, buffers should be installed at both ends of the monorail track (clause 4.8).
14. Whenever a command switch is removed, the outer metal screws securing it to the enclosure must be covered again with insulating material.
15. The limit switch cannot be used as a work switch.
16. Do not try to lift firmly fixed loads from the ground (for example, loads frozen to the ground).
17. The extreme positions for lifting and horizontal movement of the load can only be used if there is a working limit switch.

Service personnel requirements:

Certain workers responsible for this mechanism are appointed to control the electric hoist, and locksmiths and electricians are assigned to maintain and repair them. All of these persons must be properly trained in accordance with the Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Cranes and receive an appropriate certificate. The results of certification and knowledge testing are documented in a protocol and entered in the knowledge testing journal.

Workers of the main professions to control the electric hoist from the floor or from a stationary console and hang the load on the hook of the electric hoist are allowed after appropriate instruction and skills testing in the manner established by the enterprise.

Re-testing the knowledge of service personnel (crane operators, electricians, mechanics, slingers) is carried out at least once every 12 months.

Workers of the main professions, serving the hoists and making the hooking of goods to the hook, must be re-instructed at least once every 12 months.

For proper maintenance of cranes, the owner is obliged to provide crane operators, locksmiths, electricians and slingers with instructions that define their rights, obligations and the procedure for safe work, taking into account the type of electric hoists, specific operating conditions, maintenance and repair of electric hoists and the requirements contained in the "Rules for the Construction and Safe operation of cranes.

Work performance and safety

The workers operating the hoist must be on the side of the open part of the drum. The place of work should be well lit and have a free passage for service personnel.

The hoist mechanisms are activated by pressing the corresponding button on the button station, to stop, the pressed button is released.

Ropes, chains and other lifting devices must have the proper carrying capacity, have the appropriate stamps and tags, and fully comply with the requirements of Gosgortekhnadzor. Ropes and chains should be selected in such a length that the angle between the branches does not exceed 90 °, an increase in this angle can be allowed only in exceptional cases, when the height of the hook does not allow the use of longer slings and when this excludes the possibility of moving the slings over the load.

The load must be tied so that the slings do not slip off it. Pull ropes and chains must be applied without knots and loops; Under the sharp ribs, be sure to put linings that protect the ropes and chains from damage. Small-piece cargo must be lifted and moved in a specially designed container.

A load moving in a horizontal direction must be raised 0.5 m above the objects encountered on the way.

When moving the hoist, the buildup of the load should be eliminated; when the hoist stops at the moment when the load rope has a maximum deviation from the vertical, it is recommended to turn on the hoist for a short time so that its movement coincides with the direction of the load deviation.

To turn long and bulky loads during their lifting or moving, special braces (hooks) of the appropriate length must be used.

The load to be transported may only be lowered to a place designated for this purpose, where it could not fall, tip over or slip. At the place of installation of the load, linings of adequate strength must be previously laid so that the pull ropes or chains can be easily removed from under the load.

The load must be stacked on the platform and the trolley and removed from them without disturbing the balance.

When lifting a load, it must first be raised to a height of no more than 200-300 mm to check the correct slinging and the reliability of the brakes.

Impulse operation (very often alternating switching on) should be avoided. During operation, it is necessary to monitor the serviceability of both brakes, which must work simultaneously. After completion or during a break in work, the electric hoist must be unloaded, the knife switch that feeds the hoist must be turned off and locked.

IT IS FORBIDDEN:

The surfaces on which the rollers move, the rolling surfaces of the rollers and the swivel of the lifting mechanism with the movement mechanisms should be painted, since the paint interferes with the good adhesion of the rollers to the monorail and increases the grounding resistance of the electric hoist through the monorail.

During work, be under the load between the load and the wall of the house, column, machine, stack, etc.

Lift a load that exceeds the maximum lifting capacity of the hoist. When using electric hoists for lifting and transporting molten metal, liquid slag, the maximum weight of the load should not exceed 75% of the maximum carrying capacity and the requirements of the "Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Hoisting Cranes" must be met.

Exceed operating hours.

Simultaneously press the buttons that turn on the opposite movements of the mechanisms, suddenly switch the mechanisms to reverse.

Use limit switches as working bodies for automatic stop of mechanisms, bring the hoist to the end stops installed on the monorail.

Using a hoist, tear off foundations or loads covered with earth, frozen to the ground, laid with other loads or reinforced with bolts; free pull ropes or chains caught in the load. Lift the load if the rope deviates from the vertical, lift loads suspended on the tip of the hook and are in an unstable position, lift the load in containers filled above the sides; move loads in places where the fall of the load can cause an explosion, fire or other dangerous consequences.

Unwind loose rope from hoists without a rope layer when the suspension is in an unsuspended state; align suspended or transportable loads with the weight of people.

Operate the electric hoist with the cabinet of electrical equipment open.

Install end stops against trolley rollers.

Work with faulty limiters.

Maintenance:

• The frequency of inspections and the scope of work is established by the administration of the enterprise, based on the specific conditions of the work of the hoist. It is recommended that inspections be carried out at least once a month and during their conduct it is imperative to check:
• the state of the monorail track and current-carrying tires;
• grounding reliability;
• the cleanliness of the hoist, the presence and condition of the lubricant;
• the condition of the insulation of the electrical supply in accordance with the current standards for the safe operation of mechanisms with an electric drive;
• condition and operation of the current collector, limit switches, magnetic starters and push-button station;
• reliability of fastening of the cargo rope and its condition;
• tightening of bolts, contact and other connections, as well as the presence and condition of stoppers (spring washers, cotter pins and other parts that ensure locking);
• suspension condition and hook mobility (rotation, rolling);
• condition of gears;
• brake operation;
• the condition and operation of the ropelayer.
• The results of inspections and marks of elimination of identified faults are recorded in the journal of periodic inspections.

Inspection of the hoist by a responsible person should be carried out before starting work, and any malfunctions found during this should be immediately eliminated.

Maintenance labor costs:

— monthly — 8 man-hours;

- annual - 18 man-hours.

The norms of working off the time before the next maintenance:

- monthly - 62 cars. hours;

- annual - 740 cars. hours.

Standards of working time before the next repair:

- current - 740 cars. hours;

- capital - 4500 machines. hours.

Note:

Labor costs for maintenance and norms of working time before maintenance, current and overhaul of electric hoists are given based on work in normal production conditions with their loading in the average operating mode with an equivalent load of 0.5 <ZN with a utilization factor by time per year of 0.5 , per day - 0.67 and per hour - 0.25.

When the electric hoist is operating in lighter or heavier modes, the monthly labor costs per person per hour. and the norms of working off the time until the next maintenance and current repair in the machine. hours change accordingly.

What is an electric hoist? Electric hoist for vertical lifting of loads

Lifting mechanisms have been improved over the centuries, undergoing changes in contraction and increasing their power potential. Today, advanced developers manage to create compact and simple devices. The most common system is a winch, but its principle of operation imposes some restrictions on operation. In turn, the electric hoist as an upgraded version of the winch mechanism has a higher load capacity and reliability. Although the complex design with the presence of hoists also requires compliance with a number of technical conditions during installation, such equipment has practically no alternative in terms of performance and ease of use.

Design

In general terms, an electric hoist is a drum unit equipped with a motor, a brake (electromagnetic or shoe), a lifting cable and a movement device (rails). If we consider in more detail the features of some models, then we should also note the presence of a lifting gearbox, a hook suspension and an electronic control system for the mechanism. The last element is either optional or included.

The main component of the design is the trolley, on which the movement of the hoist with the load is carried out. The electric motor is responsible for the operation of the lifting gear and is controlled by the remote control. The presence of a hoist allows not only to diversify lifting methods in certain room conditions, but also to carry out more complex lifting schemes, which also involve console and overhead cranes.

Operating parameters

Among the key performance characteristics of any hoist stand out the load capacity, the maximum distance of action and the speed of the trolley. The range of weight of cargo allowed for lifting varies from 250 to 10 thousand kg. At the same time, the most popular is electric hoist 1 t, which is the best option in terms of speed and lifting capabilities. The maximum lifting distances can exceed 30 m, and the minimum is 5-6 m. As you can see, the technical capabilities of electric units are an order of magnitude superior to manual mechanisms that are difficult to control at high altitudes.

The average speed for vertical lifting by electric hoist is 8 m per minute, and the same operation in the horizontal direction is 20 m per minute. Again, these are average figures, and you can find modifications on the market that operate at micro speeds. For example, a 0.5 t electric hoist is capable of performing a large number of responsible and precise lifting operations at low speed - models with a higher carrying capacity will not cope with such tasks.

Applications

The areas of use of the electric hoist cover construction, manufacturing, industry and private households. Wherever work with cargo is required, use of this unit is possible. However, the introduction of hoists and high-tech motors into the design also determined the technical requirements for operating conditions and installation. That is, in a small room, even a 1 t electric hoist, modest in terms of technical characteristics, can cause installation problems. On the other hand, the ability to work with different speeds, the variety of lifting characteristics and the rail system of movement allow the introduction of such mechanisms on complex production lines and warehouses, where the accuracy of lifting operations and stability in their performance are required.

Principle of operation

Despite the introduction of a number of additions to the design compared to the classic winch device, the hoist has retained a simple working principle. To begin with, it is installed and connected to the network. Next, the operator hooks the cargo object on the hook, fixes it with a special carabiner and turns on the lifting mechanism through the control panel. From this moment on, the electric hoist starts the rotation of the drum and the winding of the rope (or chain). When the load rises to the required level, the user presses "stop". The brake system fixes the lifting cable in its current position, allowing further operations with the load.

Modern electric hoists have special recommendations for operating modes. This applies to the time intervals of direct rise and rest. By following these instructions, you can eliminate the risks of overloading the electric motor and other violations in the functions of individual elements.

Differences between a chain hoist and a rope hoist

The fact that chain models are more often used in large-scale production undoubtedly speaks in their favor. The benefits of electric chain hoists include:

• Reliability.
• High maintainability (it is enough to replace the damaged element).
• Durability.
• High load limits.

Rope analogues, due to the characteristics of the material itself, are not able to compete in many criteria with units equipped with metal chains. However, they also have advantages. For example, electric wire rope hoist is smaller and cheaper. It is expedient to use such equipment on small warehouse and industrial objects.

Mobile and stationary

Almost all modern models of vertical lifting electric hoists can be installed with the ability to move. For this, even at the installation stage, a carriage with rails is provided, along which movement is carried out. In this case, it is not necessary to use a mechanism for horizontal lifting. The mobility that an electric hoist is endowed with often serves to perform operations at different points in the room.

Stationary models are designed for vertical lifting at one point. Usually, it focuses on the preparation of cargo for movement to the place of subsequent logistics procedures. Fastening in this case is provided by high-strength metal brackets or other fixation elements.

Additional equipment

A minor option usually includes security features. A typical representative of such systems is overheating protection - when the electric motor enters the peak operating phase, the device automatically turns off the power supply, preventing damage. Of course, with such equipment, a higher cost is also assumed, at which the electric hoist is sold. The price can reach 50-60 thousand per model in a wide configuration. For comparison, standard counterparts, devoid of high performance and additional options, are available for 10-15 thousand. In addition, the hoists can be equipped with a limit switch for automatically fixing the cable and an emergency button for an unplanned stop of the lift - in case of preventing a load break and other dangerous situations.

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