✅ How to set the ignition on the Neva walk-behind tractor - possible breakdowns

The ignition system of a walk-behind tractor is an important element of an agricultural unit. Its task is to form a spark to ignite the fuel.
Periodically, it is necessary to repair the ignition of the walk-behind tractor due to incorrect operation or wear of the main parts of the assembly. The breakdown must be eliminated as quickly as possible to prevent wear of other parts and systems.

How to set the ignition on a walk-behind tractor?

Ignition adjustment may be necessary if you have to repeatedly pull the starter cable or the engine does not start immediately, but with a delay.

You need to do the following:

A square is put on the spark plug. The body is securely pressed against the cylinder head, the element rotates in the opposite direction from the hole on the cylinder head;
The crankshaft turns. You need to pull the starter cable a couple of times. When pulling the cable, a blue spark should be visible that jumps between the electrodes;
If there is no spark, the gap from the flywheel magnetic shoe to the starter is checked. The optimal distance is 0.1 millimeters.

So, the installation of the ignition will not take more than half an hour. If you perform simple manipulations correctly and in a timely manner, you can prevent wear of other parts and systems of the walk-behind tractor under high loads.

Ignition adjustment

During operation, sooner or later a person will have to adjust the ignition of the walk-behind tractor. If this is not done in time, the equipment will work intermittently, which will affect the early wear of other mechanisms that are fundamental to the functionality of this unit. First, in order for the farmer to have a chance of successfully adjusting the ignition on the walk-behind tractor, he must study in detail this system of agricultural machinery that runs on diesel fuel or gasoline.

In this video, you will learn how to adjust the ignition system: If you set up this part of the unit correctly, the system will be able to create a spark exactly where it is needed and at the right time. It is worth considering here that the magneto is responsible for the distribution of the resulting spark, which should also not be forgotten to be checked. The setting must be carried out following the following procedure:

First of all, the master checks the operability of the flywheel, which is in the engine until the moment when the contacts located in the magneto open.
At the next stage, it is necessary to measure the distance between the so-called “hammer” and “anvil” built into the ignition design.
Next, turn the flywheel so that the piston is compressed. When the flywheel reaches the upper limit, it is turned again. As a result, a person should hear a one-time knock. It will indicate that the overrunning clutch has worked.
At the next stage, the flywheel is turned counterclockwise so that the mark located on it converges with the one located on the body.
The next step is to adjust the distance between the cam and the adjacent breaker contact. Here it is worth considering that the minimum distance for the proper operation of the walk-behind tractor is a quarter of a millimeter, and the maximum is 0.35 mm.
At the last stage, it remains to fix the built-in cam with a special screw located on top.

Note! In order not to be mistaken at each of the setup stages, professionals recommend using a video from the Internet as an instruction. If the master sets the ignition for the cultivator, taking into account all the rules, the engine will start faster, and the operation of the unit will become smoother. This is necessary in order to influence the reduction of wear of the piston system, as well as other parts of this equipment.

What to do if there is no spark on the walk-behind tractor?

Causes of malfunctions of the ignition system in most cases are associated with candles. Often the spark plug becomes supersaturated from an excess of engine oil. Getting on the part, it prevents the appearance of a spark.

When the spark has disappeared, you need to act as follows:

The candle is unscrewed with a special key. The element is rotated and carefully removed, the sealing ring should also be unscrewed;
If the candle is too dry, this indicates that fuel is not being supplied to the engine cylinder;
If the spark plug is too wet, this indicates too much engine oil. The candle is wiped, the cylinder is dried. To this end, the starter cable is tensioned;
If there is hard carbon deposits on the candles, you can use gasoline and a large sandpaper to clean it.

Such manipulations can be performed on a diesel walk-behind tractor and on gasoline models. It is important to carry out all actions as carefully as possible, without damaging the part.

Breakdowns and how to fix them

If your walk-behind tractor stopped starting, perhaps the reason is in the ignition system. There may be several reasons:

malfunction in the ignition coil;
in a spark plug for a walk-behind tractor;
at the tip of the candle;
in the wire.

To check the candle, you need to unscrew it and examine the central and side electrodes. If soot is found on it, it is easy to get rid of it with a gas burner.

How to check the coil (magneto)? Just like a candle. You need to put a tip on the candle, and bring the lower part to the magneto body. If you turn the flywheel and there is no spark, then the failure is in the coil.

Many owners of walk-behind tractors are often interested in the question, which spark plug is better? As practice and knowledge of specialists show, the one with the shorter heat removal path is better. Such a part will not overheat and will last much longer.

As you can see, the ignition system is quite easy to fix. It is only important to start the repair on time. Also, do not forget to periodically clean the candle from burning, which will significantly extend its service life.

What spark plugs to install on the Neva walk-behind tractor? A question that every owner of this equipment faced. Let's try to figure out what manufacturers recommend.

Spark plugs for motoblock engines have their own characteristics. Motoblock is a power equipment that experiences significant loads during operation. The cooling mode is mainly air forced. (The fan blows over the fins of the cylinder). The engine gets very hot during operation. For it to work correctly, it is necessary to comply with many parameters that are provided, including spark plugs.

Heat number, engine temperature (candles), self-cleaning temperature of candles, interelectrode (spark) gap, thread diameter and length - all this and much more is taken into account by the manufacturer when he indicates in the user manual the recommended type of spark plugs for a walk-behind tractor engine.

In order for your equipment to work flawlessly for a long time, you must comply with the requirements specified in the operating instructions.

Download the table of applicability of spark plugs for Neva walk-behind tractors

various modifications with different engines tablica-svecthi-zagigania-2013.xls This information is posted on the official website of the manufacturer Neva.

Examples from the table

Engine model	Spark plug on the engine	Possible spark plug replacement
DM-1K (ZAO Krasny Oktyabr-Neva)	BRISK NR17C	BOSCH WR8AC
I/C 6.0 (Briggs & Stratton)	CHAMPION RC12YC	NGK BKR5E
Vanguard 6.0 (Briggs&Stratton) mod.117	CHAMPION RC12YC	NGK BCPR5ES BRISK DR17YC
HONDA GX200	98079-55876 (NGK BPR6ES)	DENSO W20EPR-U BRISK LR15YC CHAMPION RN9YCC BOSCH WR7DC ENGELS A17DVRM
EX17 (Robin SUBARU)	065-01401-50 (NGK BR6HS)	BRISC NR15C BOSCH WR7AC CHAMPION RL82CC
Honda GC160	98079-56846 (NGK BPR6ES)	DENSO W20EPR-U BRISK LR15YC CHAMPION RN9YCC BOSCH WR7DC ENGELS A17DVRM
I/C 8.0 (Briggs & Stratton)	CHAMPION RC12YC
EY15 (Robin SUBARU)	065-01401-50 (NHSP LDE6C)	NGK B6HS NGK BR6HS CHAMPION L86C CHAMPION RL86C
Honda GX120	98079-55876 (NGK BPR6ES)	DENSO W20EPR-U BRISK LR15YC CHAMPION RN9YCC BOSCH WR7DC ENGELS A17DVRM

See the attached file for more details.

Table of interchangeability of spark plugs by glow number from different manufacturers

Russia	beru	Bosch	Brisk	Champion	NGK	Nippon Denso
A11, A11-1, A11-3	14-9A	W9A	N19	L86	B4H	W14F
A11R	14R-9A	WR9A	NR19	RL86	BR4H	W14FR
A14V, A14V-2	14-8B	W8B	N17Y	L92Y	BP5H	W16FP
A14VM	14-8BU	W8BC	N17YC	L92YC	BP5HS	W16FP-U
A14VR	14R-7B	WR8B	NR17Y	—	BPR5H	W14FPR
A14D	14-8C	W8C	L17	N5	B5EB	W17E
A14DV	14-8D	W8D	L17Y	N11Y	BP5E	W16EX
A14DVR	14R-8D	WR8D	LR17Y	NR11Y	BPR5E	W16EXR
A14DVRM	14R-8DU	WR8DC	LR17YC	RN11YC	BPR5E	W16EXR-U
A17B	14-7B	W7B	N15Y	L87Y	BPR5ES	W20FP
A17D	14-7C	W7C	L15	N4	BP6H	W20EA
A17DV, A17DV-1, A17DV-10	14-7D	W7D	L15Y	N9Y	B6EM	W20EP
A17DVM	14-7DU	W7DC	L15YC	N9YC	BP6E	W20EP-U
A17DVR	14R-7D	WR7D	LR15Y	RN9Y	BP6ES	W20EXR
A17DVRM	14R-7DU	WR7DC	LR15YC	TRN9YC	BPR6ES	W20EPR-U
AU17DVRM	14FR-7DU	FR7DCU	DR15YC	RC9YC	BCPR6ES	Q20PR-U
A20D, A20D-1	14-6C	W6C	L14	N3	B7E	W22ES
A23-2	14-5A	W5A	N12	L82	B8H	W24FS
A23B	14-5B	W5B	N12Y	L82Y	BP8H	W24FP
A23DM	14-5CU	W5CC	L82C	N3C	B8ES	W24ES-U
A23DVM	14-5DU	W5DC	L12YC	N6YC	BP8ES	W24EP-U

On the official website of the Neva walk-behind tractor manufacturers, it is noted that when ordering spark plugs, you must specify the type of engine, and then the technical department specialists will either find the original spark plug or select a replacement in accordance with the requirements of the user manual for the engine of your walk-behind tractor.

The most common cause of engine failure is problems with spark plugs. They become damp, oily, clogged with soot, fail. Sometimes it is enough to unscrew the candle, wipe it with a rag and your walk-behind tractor will start the first time.

This happens after long-term storage, when low-quality fuel comes out of the carburetor when the engine is started, it did not ignite, but “filled” the candle. All this is due to the peculiarity of the operation of this equipment - a short-term operation mode and a long-term storage mode.

The appearance of the spark plug motoblock

will tell a specialist a lot about the condition of the engine and the quality of the fuels and lubricants used.

A little theory:

The glow number is a value that characterizes the spark plug, proportional to the average pressure at which glow ignition (an uncontrolled process of ignition of the working mixture from the hot elements of the spark plug) begins to appear during the test of the spark plug on the motor calibration unit.

The Russian industry produces spark plugs with glow numbers 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23 and 26. Abroad there is no single scale of glow numbers

Heat number (thermal characteristic):

Hot candles 11-14;
Medium candles 17-19;
Cold candles 20 or more;
Unified candles 11-20

Marking of domestic spark plugs for walk-behind tractor

An example of marking spark plugs of foreign manufacturers

Guys, name all the reasons why candles turn black? you drive for 3 hours, then it starts to troit. what kind of candles you didn’t put all the same turn black.

Aleksey (Chandodeva) the quality of the mix is cool

SERGEY (Kwaku) CARB SET UP, RICH MIXTURE, BUT FIRST WASH THE FILTER, I REPLACED THE PAPER FILTER, HOME-MADE. I'm 14, HERE I WANT TO PUT-TRY FROM MOTOBLOK

Sergey (Josceline) They turn black from an excess of oil in the combustion chamber.

And oil appears there if the valves are not adjusted or the guide bushings are worn

Mikhail (Graden) then the candles are not Orthodox, but Negro-barocoobamovsky))) heh

Dimarik) And what is the mileage?

SERGEY (Kwaku) CHANGED THE GUIDES THAT YEAR, NORMAL VALVES, BLACK CANDLES - INSTALLED A PAPER FILTER, AND ADJUSTED THE CARBS (RICH MIXTURE) AND FIRE

VITALY (Rossie) Set the ignition and if the contact gap is 0.4

Alexander (Jedd) Most likely it is a rich mixture.

Vyacheslav (Sahba) There are several reasons for soot on spark plugs, write it down: Black soot - Over-enriched working mixture: First - overflow, adjust the float level, Second - reduce the fuel supply with the quantity cap, Third - increase the air supply with the quality cap, Fourth - check the sufficient passage air into the cylinder, including the air filter and its cleanliness. Fifth - incorrect ignition operation: a spark that does not always jump and a gap on the electrodes, penetration of caps or armored wires. gap on the disconnector or cam and its play on the bearings. And yesho — Yesho tired proesche buy a book, preferably from the time of the USSR, I then studied for a wide profile avtoslyusarya. But most often look for the cause in the carburetor.

Musa (Farzan) I have the same thing, a candle is enough for half an hour,

Valery (Nadzieja) where is such a quantity bovik

Valery (Nadzieja) the spark is weak

Musa (Farzan) BSZ spark is good, on the right side the candle is blacker than black, whatever you do does not help, .

Valery (Nadzieja) bsz sovek?

Musa (Farzan) Himself assembled the VAZ 08 ahead of the mechanic

Valery (Nadzieja) then only carb

Valery (Nadzieja) what kind of coil?

Musa (Farzan) The coil is native, for ... the Ural ball seems to be doing everything right, it’s true that the K65 carbs are old. But I want to ride.

Valeriy (Nadzieja) put with Oki or 406

Magneto for walk-behind tractor

Magneto on a walk-behind tractor is similar in principle to an ignition coil - it is responsible for the appearance of a spark.

You can check the magneto of the walk-behind tractor as follows:

The cap is removed from the top of the candle and a carnation is inserted. All manipulations must be performed as carefully as possible so that after rechecking the candle can be re-mounted in place;
The nail is located seven millimeters from the cylinder of the unit;
The candle is returned to its standard position and the engine of the walk-behind tractor is started;
During the start, a spark should form. At the same time, it will be strong, with a blue tint. If the spark is different, this indicates that the problem has not been fixed.

When checking a magneto, it is important to follow the following rules:

the spark plug is not completely unscrewed. This can cause a loss of compression, the flywheel will rotate much faster;
this method is ineffective if an electronic ignition system is installed. Problems can also arise with the key nodes of the system;
the distance between the nail in the candle cap and the cylinder can be different and depends on the specific design of the unit.

Setting up the ignition system of the walk-behind tractor

The ignition system is a very important structure that provides the formation of a spark in the internal combustion chamber to ignite the air-fuel mixture. In order not to encounter breakdowns and not call the wizard, you need to know how to correctly set the ignition on the walk-behind tractor. This can be done in many ways.

Thanks to the spark. Do the following:
loosen the nut, which is the position of the body of the mechanism that determines the moment of creating high-voltage impulses;
from the cover of the system, which determines the moment of creating high-voltage impulses, you need to remove the high-voltage wire located in the center, and place its contact at a distance of 5 millimeters from the "mass" of the walk-behind tractor;
now turn on the ignition;
the case of the mechanism of the determining moment of the creation of the above-mentioned impulses must be turned clockwise to the mark of 200;
now slowly turn the body in the opposite direction;
the position of the mechanism should not change, but at the same time you will see a spark between the contact located in;
tighten the break nut.
With your hearing:
unscrew the nut that holds the distributor base a little;
the interrupting body must be slowly turned on two sides;
the state of the mechanism, which determines the appearance of high-voltage impulses, must be fixed in the position where the motor power will be the most steel, and the revolutions will be the largest. Listen carefully;
turn the breaker housing clockwise;
now firmly fasten the distributor fastening element;
With a strobe:
connect the power of the stroboscope to the network of your unit;
a sensor that is designed for a triggered sound must be placed on the high-voltage electrical wire of one of the cylinders;
dismantle the vacuum correction hose and plug it;
the light from the strobe should be directed towards the pulley;
start the engine. It must run at idle;
scroll the distributor housing;
create a fastener when the pulley mark is directed to the mark on the cover of the apparatus;
tighten the fixing nut.

How to check the ignition coil on a walk-behind tractor?

The ignition coil of the walk-behind tractor contributes to the appearance of a spark that ignites the fuel. The presented scheme allows you to get acquainted with the principle of its formation. Ignition can be contactless (first photo) or contact (second photo) depending on the principle of operation.

Initially, the coil is inspected. It may have cracks, dents and other mechanical damage. If the coil design is integral, you need to look for another cause of the malfunction.

The following problems may occur:

coil resistance data is measured. In this case, you need to have an idea of the key parameters under which this resistance occurs;
a spark detection device is used. The cost of such a device is quite high;
spark plug is used. It is turned out and applied to the cylinder. Next, pull the starter cable and follow the spark.

These methods should be used if it is impossible to seek qualified help.
During operation, it is important to ensure that there is no electric shock. It is quite possible to carry out repairs with your own hands, following simple tips.
To facilitate the work, you can watch the video instruction. For walk-behind tractors of such brands as Neva, Ural, Agro, Zubr, Salyut, Krot, Cascade, MTZ and Honda, the tuning steps are completely identical.

How to check the performance of a candle?

We turn out the candle.
Wipe the electrodes well.
If there is soot on the candles, it must be cleaned.
We set the gap between the electrodes.
We put a high-voltage wire square on the candle.
We press the candle body to the cylinder head.v
When doing the previous paragraph, you should pay attention that the electrodes look away from the hole for the candle.
We scroll the crankshaft and see if a spark appears. If there is a powerful and bright spark, then the adjustment is done correctly.

An important role in the operation of the ignition is played by the gap between the starter and the magnetic shoe of the flywheel. It should be no more and no less than 0.1 - 0.15 mm. What to do if you need to adjust the gap:

Remove the case from the fan.
Loosen the stator mounting bolts.
We insert the probe plate, set the gap and screw in the bolts.
We check the clearance around the entire circumference of the flywheel.

Such simple instructions will help you resume the ignition and easily identify the cause of its malfunction with your own hands. If you are confident in your technical knowledge, then doing these steps will not be difficult. In order to avoid breakdowns of the walk-behind tractor in the future, its regular diagnostics should be carried out, which will allow you to immediately identify all kinds of problems and cut them in the first steps.

Ignition adjustment and its rehabilitation on the Cascade walk-behind tractor

Most often, candles fail in the ignition system, so try to always have such a part in stock. Remember that each motor has its own specific candles. For example, for DM-1, DM-1D, A-11-1, A-11-0, A-17V, SI-12RT are suitable. All of them have a thread length of 12 mm. As for imported spark plugs, B8AC were presented by the well-known company BOSCH.

How to check the serviceability of the ignition and candles?

It is worth noting such breakdowns of the Cascade walk-behind tractor, such as:

How to adjust a carburetor

Another type of adjustment that will need to be carried out is the adjustment of the carburetor of the Luch walk-behind tractor.

For stable operation of an internal combustion engine, moderate fuel consumption and smooth running with increasing load, fine tuning of the carburetor is necessary.

After it, you will notice changes in the operation of the walk-behind tractor, and they will be for the better, as the injection stabilizes.

Before adjusting the carburetor, you need to tighten two screws - the main jet and the idle jet.
Then they need to be unscrewed in the opposite direction, about one and a quarter of a turn.
Next, you need to start the engine in order for it to warm up. It will reach normal operating temperature in twenty minutes. When this happens, you need to move the throttle lever to the “min” position.
Using the screw, you need to set the most minimal, but stable idle speed. The same action must be repeated for the maximum speed.
Again repeat the setting of the minimum frequency , which will be stable.
Next, repeat the setting of the maximum stroke frequency again, thus ensuring uninterrupted stable operation of the entire mechanism.

Modernization of the walk-behind tractor

Many owners decide to further upgrade their unit and design an adapter or other attachments for it. The adapter is a kind of wheelbarrow with a seat for the driver. It is worth noting that the speed of such an upgraded unit is not much different from the previous old version. So you can not be afraid of losing speed and time to process the site with such a refinement, and feel free to design this unit

Following these instructions, you can easily resume the operation of the Cascade walk-behind tractor. If you doubt your technical skills, knowledge and skills, then it is better to contact a specialist. He will conduct high-quality diagnostics and quickly resolve all problems.

Source

Reverse belt

While on modern walk-behind tractors the reverse gear is switched off using a gearbox that is directly connected to the engine, on the Luch a belt is used to transmit torque .

In fact, it is one of those details that distinguishes the Luch walk-behind tractor from modern technology.

The reverse belt is subject to increased wear, and therefore an experienced beam owner always keeps several belts in reserve at once - sometimes they can be difficult to obtain, despite the fact that this walk-behind tractor is quite common.

Its marking is Z(0)-1400 and it is easier to order it through an online store where there is a pre-order service.

In order not to find yourself in a situation where a malfunction has occurred and you cannot use your Luch walk-behind tractor, it is better to keep belts in an amount of at least two pieces of each type. Such thrift will help you to make quick replacements, even in the field, during work.

In general, a good way to keep all equipment in working order is to have spare consumables for all nodes. This is especially important if such consumables tend to fail quickly.