Minitractor KMZ. Overview, characteristics, instructions

Scope of application

A small-sized minitractor is used for cultivating territories in private courtyards. The model is small in size, but has a very wide functionality. This machine is capable of cultivating an area of ​​up to 5 hectares. On KMZ-012V, you can mount additional equipment and use it to perform a variety of jobs. The equipment has a power of only 12 hp, but it can tow semi-trailers with a carrying capacity of 5 centners.

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of this transport:

1. Multifunctionality, versatility in use. The tractor copes well with agricultural work, construction and utility tasks.
2. Simplicity in operation of the KMZ tractor.
3. Economical fuel consumption.
4. Small weight and dimensions.
5. There are no difficulties during the repair of equipment and the installation of additional equipment.
6. All spare parts and attachments are easy to find in the public domain.
7. Low cost in comparison with similar models of mini-tractors.
8. Convenience and comfort while driving.
9. The tractor has good maneuverability, which allows it to be used in covered buildings.

Specifications

Let's look at the characteristics of the Kurganets mini tractor.

dimensions

• length - 197 cm;
• length with attachment - 231 cm;
• width is 96 cm;
• the height of the walk-behind tractor without a roof is 197 cm;
• height of the car with a roof - 2 m;
• minimum track width - 70 cm;
• maximum track width - 90 cm;

Engine

There are 4 modifications of KMZ-012, differing in the type of engine.

Initially, the SK-12 carburetor engine (made in Kazakhstan) was installed on the walk-behind tractor.

Later, the KMZ-012Ch version was released, on which the V2Ch - 07 diesel engine (manufactured in Chelyabinsk) was installed. The diesel engine has become more in demand than the carburetor.

Then KMZ-012B was released, which received a V-shaped carburetor engine made in the USA.

Later than all, the KMZ-012N model with a vertical diesel engine was released (manufacturer - USA). This option was distinguished by fuel economy and ease of maintenance.

Transmission

KMZ-012 - rear-wheel drive minitractor. Due to the structure of the front axle (the wheels are located on a swinging balancing beam), bumps and potholes are not so sensitive when driving on a vehicle and the driver does not experience discomfort.

The equipment is equipped with a front and rear linkage, which are controlled by a spool valve.

While raising or lowering the hitch, control skills are required, since the hydraulics do not work when the clutch is depressed.

PTO

• PTO has one speed;
• the minimum PTO speed is 540 rpm.
• rear PTO power - 7.5 hp
• front PTO power - 7.66 hp

Transmission

The gearbox of the minitractor is equipped with 6 speeds. Gear shifting is mechanical. The maximum speed when moving the walk-behind tractor back is 4.5 km / h; the lowest speed when moving equipment forward is 1.4 km / h; maximum speed when performing work - 6.8 km / h; the maximum speed of the minitractor when transporting goods is 15.2 km / h.

Minitractor KMZ-012 - the leader in sales among farmers

In the range of tractor equipment, affordable and economical in operation mini-tractors are in consistently high demand. In 2002, the deficit was partially covered by expensive imported models, which were designed without taking into account the conditions of their subsequent operation. Therefore, the interest of rural residents in the debut model of a small car, developed by specialists from the Kurgan Mechanical Plant, was understandable and logical.

minitractor KMZ-012

Purpose

The KMZ-012 minitractor was originally focused on widespread use in agriculture and the municipal sector. According to experts, the debut model of 0.2 traction class, in terms of key indicators, is as close as possible to the parameters of budget analogues of foreign production.

Popularity was also facilitated by a moderate price range, a high level of reliability, maintainability and durability of the machine as a whole. The expectations of the Kurgan machine builders were fully justified, the minitractor became in demand not only in the domestic tractor market, but also in the CIS republics and neighboring countries.

Scope of application

A compact and powerful enough tractor was already characterized by universal functionality at that time, therefore it was used with equal success for the mechanization of labor-intensive agricultural and municipal works, where the use of more powerful equipment was not economically viable.

With the appropriate mounted and trailed units, the KMZ-012 tractor successfully coped with the cultivation of land plots up to 4-5 hectares. The small-sized and maneuverable machine has become a reliable assistant on livestock farms and greenhouse complexes. Traction and coupling characteristics of the machine determined its suitability for transporting goods weighing 500 kg or more.

Expediency of choice

The capabilities of the minitractor are expanded by the use of two attachments. KMZ designers have developed more than two dozen branded mounted units, which are periodically modernized taking into account the growing requirements.

Along with wide functionality and versatility, the minitractor is characterized by excellent maintainability, free access to the main components and assemblies, which determine the possibility of maintenance and troubleshooting on your own.

Specifications

The overall dimensions of the tractor can be confidently called as compact as possible. The length, width and height of the machine without attachments is 1.97 / 0.96 / 1.97 m. Taking into account attachments, these figures increase to 2.31 / 0.96 / 2.04 meters.

The track width of a machine weighing 0.697-0.745 tons can be set in two positions: 70 and 90 cm. The road clearance is 30 cm.

ModelKMZ-012KMZ-012ChKMZ-012BKMZ-012N

Since then, the concept laid down in the base model KMZ-12 has been preserved without significant changes. The chassis, made according to the 4x2 scheme, includes a rigid suspension of the rear wheels and a beam-type front axle. The location of the power unit is front, the weight of the machine is distributed over the bridges in a ratio of 6:4, which has a positive effect on the stability of the tractor when driving on steep terrain.

The minitractor is equipped with a simple design and reliable hydraulic system with a plunger-valve hydraulic distributor, two dependent power take-off mechanisms. Despite the budget cost, the car is equipped with an adjustable steering column and a comfortable seat. The machines of the latest series are optionally equipped with lightweight single cabs.

Engine

The basic model of the minitractor received a carburetor four-stroke air-cooled power unit of the SK-12 brand, a two-cylinder engine with a capacity of 12 hp. and a torque of 24 Nm is characterized by a simple design and economical, in the range of 248-252 g/hp. at one o'clock.

The new modification of the KMZ-012Ch minitractor is equipped with an identical in power and fuel consumption, but more advanced V2Ch-07 V-shaped diesel engine. Subsequent versions were equipped with imported power units VANGUARD OHV 294447 and HATZMOTORS-1D81Z, with a capacity of 14.5 and 14.3 liters. With.

Mini tractors with a diesel engine differ from cars with carburetor power units in increased power, reliability and economical consumption of fuel and lubricants.

power transmission

Torque from the engine flywheel is transmitted through a mechanically controlled dry single-plate clutch to a mechanical, 4-speed gearbox.

Four forward speeds allow you to select work or transport mode from 1.6 to 15.18 km/h. The maximum reverse speed is within 4.5 km/h. Disc brakes are compactly located in the housing of a single-stage gearbox.

modification 012Ch

Advantages and disadvantages

First of all, it should be noted that the price range of the minitractor itself and the cost of attachments are affordable for a wide range of buyers.

• An equally important factor is economical operation, in particular, the affordable cost of spare parts and consumables necessary for full-fledged operation, the possibility of self-repair.
• The machine is characterized by excellent maneuverability, which determines its use in small areas, as well as in warehouses, hangars, internal volumes of greenhouse complexes.
• The capabilities of the tractor are significantly expanded by a wide range of productive mounted units for various purposes.

According to the general opinion, the design flaw of the minitractor is the dependence of the power take-off mechanism and the hydraulic pump on the clutch.

There is also a decrease in traction parameters due to a small coefficient of adhesion to the ground. The problem is eliminated by hanging ballast weights. Also, the sealing of the joints and interfaces of the gearbox leaves much to be desired.

The price of a new and used KMZ-012 minitractor

The machine has been out of production for a long time, so there are practically no chances to buy a new tractor with zero operating time. In the used agricultural machinery market, there are single offers for the sale of tractors that have a certain reserve of the assigned resource or are fully suitable for a complete restoration.

The cost of such a machine is determined by its condition, wear level and equipment. The price range varies from 15 to 40-50 thousand hryvnia (600 - 1600$).

: KMZ-012 in operation

Performance characteristics

• motoblock weight - 697 kg, with equipment - 745 kg;
• minitractor brakes - disc;
• fuel tank capacity is 20 l;
• the highest / lowest speed when driving straight - 15.2 / 2 km / h;
• the highest / lowest speed when moving backward - 4.5 / 1.2 km / h;
• minimum / maximum fuel consumption per hour of engine operation (SK-12) - 2.2 / 2.9 l;
• minimum / maximum fuel consumption per hour of engine operation (V2Ch-07) - 1.8 / 2.3 l;
• minimum / maximum fuel consumption per engine hour (VANGUARD OHV 294447) - 3.1 / 4 l;
• minimum / maximum fuel consumption per hour of engine operation (HATZMOTORS-1D81Z) - 1.9 / 2.7 l;
• traction class of equipment - 0.2;
• the maximum fording depth is 38 cm.

Technical features of KMZ-012

The tractor has the following features: Low fuel consumption. With an engine service life of less than 3000 hours, fuel consumption does not exceed 3 l / 100 km. At the same time, the KMZ-012 fuel tank holds up to 20 liters. Therefore, without refueling, it can work for a very long time. Compactness. With a roof and a front linkage, the equipment has the following dimensions: the length of the tractor is 2.31 m, the width is 0.96 m, the height is 2.04 m. The tractor without canopies and the roof is more compact: 1.972 m in length, in width - 0.96 m, height - 1.975 m.

Adjustable track. The track of this tractor is adjustable, it provides for 2 positions: 700 mm and 900 mm.

The ground clearance of the model is 300 mm. The tractor can overcome a ford of 380 mm. The weight of the equipment is 697-745 kg, and the rated pulling force is 2.1 kN.

Device Features

Since 2002, the design of the minitractor has not changed in any way. The chassis contains a front wheel axle in the form of a swing beam with a rigid suspension.

The car brakes with the help of disc-type wheel brakes. The gearbox is designed for traction, not speed, so the speed of the movement of equipment is small (forward - 15, backward - 4.5 km / h).

The standard equipment of the minitractor includes a soft seat for the driver and an adjustable steering column. The walk-behind tractor can be equipped with a visor for protection from the sun or a light cab.

Reliability

The power unit of the walk-behind tractor has increased resistance to various environmental influences and can be operated in almost any climate. The main parts of the minitractor are made of high quality materials, which guarantees a long service life. Thus, despite the simplicity of design, the car is quite reliable and comfortable.

Repair features

KMZ-012 is multifunctional and versatile, but another undoubted advantage is the possibility of self-repair by the owner and ease of maintenance. Such a technique often has a complex device, the device of this machine is both simple and understandable.

Before using the mini tractor for the first time, it is necessary to run it in, which allows all parts to warm up.

It is necessary to pay attention to the functioning of the engine, check the engine oil for leakage.

During break-in, it is recommended to operate the engine exclusively at low speeds for the first 70 hours after purchase. At this time, you also need to carefully check the reliability of fastening the parts of the equipment. When the break-in is over, you can load the engine to the maximum.

Home all-terrain vehicle from KMZ-012

If desired, a small home all-terrain vehicle can also be made from KMZ-012, which will be needed for a leisurely detour of their lands during difficult weather conditions. As we wrote earlier, initially this tractor was adapted for crossing a ford, almost 0.4 meters deep. However, its all-terrain ability can be improved. What do we have initially?

1. The chassis of this model includes a front axle, which is made in the form of a swinging beam, and a rigid suspension.
2. The wheel formula of the equipment can be written as 4X2, while the wheel track can be changed.
3. The tractor has disc wheel brakes located in the housing of a single-stage gearbox.
4. The transmission of the KMZ-012 tractor is mechanical, has a c4-speed (excluding two rear speeds) gear gearbox. The transmission is equipped with a dry single plate friction clutch.

In order to make a more passable all-terrain vehicle out of KMZ, it is necessary to work on the following elements:

• suspension
• full control steering system
• all-wheel drive system with all-wheel locks
• reverse mechanism
• tractor linkage and electric winch

Each craftsman is looking for his own ways to solve these problems, depending on his experience. Experiment - and be sure to share your experience in the comments!

Attachment

Equipment on the KMZ minitractor can be mounted front and rear.

List of attachments for this model:

1. Cultivator, plow, rake - for tillage in a small area.
2. Liquid reservoir - for applying liquid fertilizer or pest control.
3. Potato digger - for harvesting, planted in a ridge way.
4. Communal brushes - for cleaning the territory from various debris.
5. Dumps.
6. Snow plow.
7. Mower.
8. Cultivator.
9. Concrete mixer.
10. The plow is a harrow.
11. Cart for transportation of goods, etc.

A total of 23 types of attachments for KMZ-012 were produced.

This makes the mini-tractor multifunctional and suitable for construction, farming and utility work, for tillage, hilling plants, cleaning the site in the off-season.

Common breakdowns

Clutch does not transmit torque

Causes and remedies:

• the pedal has shifted (it needs to be adjusted);
• the discs are very worn out (they require replacement, which can be done independently);
• fasteners and discs jam (you need to examine the fasteners and lubricate if necessary).

If the attachment does not raise

Causes and remedies:

• little oil (you need to add to the required volume);
• the pump of the lifting system does not work (it must be turned on);
• the hydraulic fuse is broken (repair or replace with a new one).

Bad brakes

Causes and remedies:

• the pedal is not positioned correctly (adjust its position);
• the block is worn out (it needs to be replaced).

Gearbox overheats

Causes and remedies:

• insufficient clearance of bearings or gears (adjust details);
• insufficient oil (top up).

Starter not working

Causes and remedies:

Broken or poor wire contact (solder or couple the wire)

Owner reviews

Andrey, 37 years old, Voronezh: “This mini tractor has been in my possession for more than 3 years, since 2015. The first year the walk-behind tractor worked fine, was actively used, then problems with the transmission began. I had to repair, then worked perfectly until the sale. Sometimes there were small breakdowns that I fixed on my own in a few minutes. I sold the minitractor because of the low power, because. purchased a larger piece of land.

Igor, 52 years old, Kursk: “I bought the KMZ-012 minitractor in 2014 to work on my site. Over the years of operation repaired only a couple of times. From attachments, I purchased a potato digger and a snowplow. I can say that this is a good, inexpensive, economical walk-behind tractor.

Vladislav, 40 years old, Yekaterinburg: “I bought a walk-behind tractor in 2013 for agricultural and municipal work. A workhorse, but the carburetor was repaired a couple of times. A hot engine is sometimes hard to start. From additional equipment, I purchased a communal brush and a front mower. I installed everything myself, it's easy and clear what to do. I recommend the minitractor.