Motoblock is an indispensable assistant for any summer resident or gardener. It allows you to prepare the land for planting vegetables, eliminate weeds on your own. The motoblock can be petrol or diesel. The latter, thanks to its good traction, is suitable for processing hard, difficult to loosen soil. Let's talk in more detail about the difference between a diesel walk-behind tractor and a gasoline one and how to choose it.
Device and principle of operation
Diesel walk-behind tractor consists of the following parts:
- frame;
- engine;
- reducer;
- PTO;
- handles with controls;
- wheels;
- equipment for loosening the soil.
The principle of operation of the technique is very simple. The diesel engine drives the wheels and loosening attachment. The operator of the device, leaning on the handles, pushes it forward with a slight inclination. As a result, the nozzle comes into contact with the soil and begins to loosen it. The movement from the engine to it is transmitted using a gearbox.
Despite the weight, it is much easier to work with a walk-behind tractor than with a manual one. This is due to the fact that it is partially driven by the motor.
Also on some models you can connect attachments. In this case, the design includes a power take-off shaft. It is with its help that energy is transmitted to such equipment.
Device
The classic motoblock engine is a single-cylinder four-stroke internal combustion engine.
The crankshaft of this engine is mounted in two ball bearings and on the one hand has a landing cone for the flywheel, it is also an ignition rotor and a cooling fan, on the other, a conical or cylindrical fit for a pulley or clutch.
The motor block engine connecting rod is a detachable structure that works directly on the crankshaft journal as a plain bearing.
Lubrication of the friction pair is carried out by an oil-capturing protrusion on the bottom cover of the connecting rod; forced oil supply from the pump is not provided.
The cylinder is installed at a slight angle to the horizontal, its cooling jacket is cast in one piece with the crankcase, and a cast-iron sleeve is pressed into it. This solution reduces the cost of manufacturing the engine, but makes it more difficult to repair, since it is impossible to replace the cylinder.
Lubrication of the cylinder-piston group is carried out by oil splashes created by the connecting rod and counterweights of the crankshaft during its rotation. First of all, you need to know which oil to pour into the walk-behind tractor, which oil is poured into the gearbox and into the 4-stroke engine.
For more information about the operation of a single-cylinder engine, see the video:
Depending on the layout of the gas distribution mechanism, the engine can be:
- Lower valve (SV) - the camshaft is located in the crankcase and, through short pushers, directly drives the valves located on the side of the cylinder. The cylinder head in such engines is a simple casting with a combustion chamber of a specific (cardioid) shape.
- The lower valve arrangement is the oldest used in our time, it is almost a hundred years old. Due to their extreme simplicity, such motors are cheap and reliable, but their main drawback is their low power density.
- The incorrect term “side-valve engine” is also often used, which appeared as a literal translation of the English side-valve due to ignorance of the term “bottom-valve” adopted since the 30s of the twentieth century in Russian.
- Overhead valve (OHV) engines also have a camshaft mounted in the crankcase, but the valves themselves are already in the cylinder head and are actuated by long rods through rocker arms.
- Due to the more compact and advantageous shape of the combustion chamber, overhead valve motors are noticeably more powerful than lower valve ones, but at the same time they are easy to assemble and configure. This is the most common type of engine in garden equipment.
- Upper (OHC) are distinguished by the fact that their camshaft is also transferred to the cylinder head. They are more complex compared to OHV motors, and they have a power gain only at high speeds, which is of little relevance for walk-behind tractors. However, some manufacturers, such as Subaru-Robin, also use this scheme.
Varieties
Depending on the possibility of connecting attachments, equipment can be:
- with power take-off shaft;
- without power take-off shaft.
Depending on the weight and power, the units are divided into:
- ultralight;
- lungs;
- medium;
- heavy.
Ultralight equipment includes small and not heavy (up to 20-25 kg) devices. They are ideal for processing summer cottages with an area of 10-15 acres. The main advantage of this type of equipment is its compactness, which facilitates storage and transportation of the unit. Also, ultra-light units are very maneuverable and easy to work with. They are well managed.
The lungs have a relatively small weight (up to 50 kg) and are usually not more powerful than 5 l / s. They are able to perform a small amount of work with not very intense loads. They overheat fairly quickly. Because of this, they are most suitable for summer cottages, small household plots.
Expert opinion
Kuznetsov Vasily Stepanovich
Due to the power, the result of the work of a light and ultra-light unit is close to the result of manually working the earth with a shovel.
Medium diesel walk-behind tractors have more weight (up to 100 kg) and an engine with a capacity of up to 8 l / s. Often their design provides for reverse gear, the ability to shift gears. Designed for processing large areas of land. They cope well with loads, loosen hard soil well.
Usually, a power take-off shaft is installed on medium devices of the category of equipment, which allows the use of various attachments. In the lungs, it is most often absent.
In fact, they are a two-wheeled minitractor. Typically, the power of such equipment is 10 l / s or more, and the weight exceeds 100 kg. They have good performance, are quite durable, all models allow the use of attachments. Due to this, they are well suited for processing large land plots, including professional ones, in farms.
Depending on the type of engine cooling, motoblocks can be distinguished with:
- air cooled;
- water cooling.
The first type has special ribs on the cylinder, onto which air is forcibly injected. This is a simple design that rarely breaks and costs less. In the latter, the cooling system is similar to that of a car and uses antifreeze. They are more expensive, but much less likely to overheat.
What kind of cooling is on your walk-behind tractor?
AirWater
The equipment can start:
- manually;
- using a starter.
The transmission of the unit can be:
- belt;
- chain;
- gear.
The manual version is less convenient, but somewhat cheaper.
Belt transmission is the cheapest and easiest to maintain. However, under heavy loads, it slips, the belt stretches over time.
Chain transmission is more reliable. Gear is considered the most efficient and reliable. It is installed on heavy machines that are subjected to significant loads.
The wheels of the unit can be:
- pneumatic - the traditional version with tires inflated with air;
- monolithic - instead of pneumatic tires are monolithic, without air inside.
The first option is easier, but has a slightly worse patency. The second goes better on the "virgin lands", but has more weight.
Gasoline walk-behind tractors of the middle class
Medium walk-behind tractors are much more economical in terms of fuel consumption than light ones, and much more powerful. Direct motor transmission will allow you to connect a hitch to the power take-off shaft.
Daewoo Power Products DATM 80110 8 HP
Medium gasoline walk-behind tractor weighing 86 kg with a 4-stroke ICE Daewoo 225 series. The volume is 225 cubic meters. see Power is 8 hp. This walk-behind tractor has small dimensions: length 77 cm, width 44 cm, height 87 cm. Mechanical type gearbox with 3 gears. Includes 8 cutters. The tillage width is adjustable - 60-110 cm, and the depth is 30 cm.
Users note that due to the rotation speed of the cutters at 140 rpm, the unit allows you to process a large area in a short time.
The following advantages of this model were identified:
- cast iron gearbox housing;
- big wheels;
- metal carcass;
- power;
- reliability;
- ease of management.
Flaws:
- expensive fuel;
- high cost of additional parts.
Customer Reviews
Maibal H.
Powerful. Withstands extreme loads. The cutters are very durable. Easy to start even in cold weather. Pleasantly surprised by the fuel consumption in plowing mode. Significantly more consumption in the snowplow mode. A domestic mounted snow blower approached him. Very easy to maintain. Completely washed with a high pressure washer, starts immediately.
Edward
It came in a very compact package, the wheels are small, I think this is precisely for the compactness of the package (but I didn’t need them in two years). I bought additional attachments, everything fits from non-cultivating, spudding, and taking potatoes with it. A thing of course useful for me and my parents. This is my first walk-behind tractor (I took it in May 2021 for 40t.r.) The quality is average and the price too. My overall rating is 4.
ZUBR MTB-400 7 hp
Lekooperable and powerful walk-behind tractor ZUBR MTB-400 will be an excellent assistant in loosening the earth. Enough overall device: length 1 m 45 cm, width 77 cm, height 1 m 20 cm. Weight is 81 kg. Has a gasoline 4-stroke engine with 1 cylinder. Its power reaches 7 hp, and the volume is 212 cubic meters. see Fuel tank capacity - 3.6 liters. Manual transmission 3+1. The kit includes 6 pneumatic cutters. The width of the processing area reaches 60-85 cm, in depth - 35 cm.
This walk-behind tractor is very powerful, as it allows you to process up to 2000 sq. m. Users note the good equipment of the walk-behind tractor. It includes an opener assembly with transport wheels, oil and a set of fasteners.
During the operation, the following advantages were identified:
- Ease of use;
- power;
- low price;
- big wheels.
Cons of this model:
- incomplete equipment;
- not always poor build quality.
Customer Reviews
Cegrom
Complete set of the cutter, the front adapter is a solid pipe and not like some hollow ones, a hitch, transport wheels, a coulter, a screwdriver, a candlestick, transmission oil 2 liters. While I run in a cart and drive a little cargo. Something similar to Veima 900-3. I am satisfied
Neva MB-23-Y (MX300) with MultiAgro gearbox 12 hp
One of the most powerful walk-behind tractors among medium gasoline ones. The mass of the Neva walk-behind tractor is 86 kg. 4-stroke 305 cc petrol engine cm. The power of which reaches 12 hp. Gearbox type - mechanical. There are 8 gears forward and 4 reverse. Fuel tank - 3 l. The package includes 4 pneumatic wheels with a diameter of 36 cm. The processing width reaches 85 cm, and the depth is 25 cm.
Buyers note the presence of the Multiagro gearbox and the possibility of unlocking the differential as attractive in the Neva model when choosing medium-sized walk-behind tractors.
During the operation, the following advantages were identified:
- high power;
- reliability;
- quality tillage.
Among the shortcomings can be noted:
- complexity of management;
- poor quality fixture.
Customer Reviews
Alexey A.
There are many impressions, mostly positive. It is not easy for one who is not used to changing weights. Without experience and simple adaptations - you need an assistant first. But a couple of props - and you can change one. They must be adjusted according to their height. A non-working sound column approached me - just below the stool.
Igor K.
A good walk-behind tractor, it starts very easily, the gearbox proved to be very good, the standard equipment was also very pleased.
I have been using it for more than a year and during this time I have only performed maintenance once, for an amount of just over 60,000 rubles you get an excellent assistant in the household.
Pros and cons of a diesel walk-behind tractor
Diesel walk-behind tractor has the following advantages compared to gasoline:
- Good traction . Diesel engines have good traction, which allows them to loosen even dense soil.
- Simplicity . There are no spark plugs in a diesel, no need to rebuild the carburetor. This simplifies operation.
- Cheaper fuel . DT is slightly cheaper than gasoline.
The main disadvantage of diesel technology is its price. The unit can cost several times more than gasoline.
Features of the device, operation, difference from gasoline
The design is not much different from gasoline counterparts, but it has its own characteristics. On small agricultural machinery, the simplest models are used, which are unpretentious in operation and more high-torque, since even at low speeds they give out high power. The main parts of the motor:
- Engine block and head. The most massive parts on which all the main details are fixed. They are made of cast iron, as other alloys will not last long under high loads.
- The crank mechanism is almost no different from standard solutions. The difference is in greater mass and strength, since during operation the compression ratio in the combustion chamber ranges from 19 to 24 units. In gasoline versions, indicators are from 9 to 14.
- Reinforced valves for air intake and exhaust gases. Fuel is supplied by a nozzle that evenly sprays diesel fuel throughout the volume.
- There is no spark plug in the design. The combustible mixture is ignited by high pressure. There is an explosion, so the parts are massive and strong to withstand loads.
- The fuel pump must generate high pressure to spray. This ensures uniform combustion of the mixture.
- The air filter cleans the air of dust, this is important for a walk-behind tractor, as it usually works in dirty conditions. If you do not change it on time, the wear of parts will be much higher. The task of the fuel filter is to remove all impurities and water from diesel fuel, otherwise the nozzle will clog and you will have to clean or even change it.
Despite the simplicity of the design, the principle of its operation is much more complicated. If in gasoline versions the mixture is formed in the intake manifold, then fed into the cylinder and ignited by a candle, then in diesel versions the process is completely different:
- The same four-stroke scheme is used as in multi-cylinder diesel engines. This ensures smooth operation, stable speed and reduces vibration.
- Air is supplied to the cylinder. As it contracts and the pressure increases, the temperature inside rises to 800 degrees.
- At the very end of the cycle, diesel fuel is supplied from the nozzle under high pressure. It is sprayed into tiny droplets, fills most of the combustion chamber and self-ignites almost instantly.
- The preparation of the mixture takes place in a short time. In order for it to burn quickly and without residue, the nozzle injects diesel fuel under pressure, which is several times greater than the air pressure in the cylinder. The space is limited by the walls of the cylinder on the sides and top, the bottom of the piston from below.
- At the moment of ignition, the pressure inside is very high. Therefore, a diesel engine is louder and harder than its gasoline counterparts. But the difference between the two options is minimized and does not affect the comfort of work.
Due to this principle of operation, the motor produces high power even in a lean mixture. And this helps to save fuel and allows you to work normally even at low speeds. Unlike the petrol version, it is not necessary to increase the speed with increasing loads. The system can be called simple and reliable; with proper care, the resource is at least 3,000 hours.
Selection rules
When buying equipment, first of all, you should decide on its class and power. The larger the area of the land to be processed, the greater the load on the walk-behind tractor. So, the more heavy and powerful unit will be required.
You also need to consider the width and depth of plowing. Even for units of the same class, they can differ greatly. The wider the loosening band, the faster the device will process the desired area.
If you do not want to be limited to simple loosening, then you definitely need to purchase equipment equipped with a power take-off shaft. This makes it truly versatile.
You also need to decide on the transmission. For small areas that will not create a serious load on the device, a belt is also suitable. For more complex tasks, it is better to choose a chain or gear.
Expert opinion
Kuznetsov Vasily Stepanovich
If possible, it is better to check the equipment (or a similar model) right in the store. This will allow you to see how it works, as well as to identify shortcomings and defects in advance.
Before buying, be sure to inspect the unit for build quality. Everything should be well connected to each other, there should be no backlash, loose bolts and similar problems.
Champion
Champion engines have nothing to do with a well-known manufacturer of automotive components - this company is located in St. Petersburg, and any Champion engine for a walk-behind tractor is made in China.
Like other Chinese engines, these are clones of Honda engines.
The role model is directly indicated in the marking: for example, the Champion G200HK motor is a copy of the Honda GX200. However, there are also “intermediate” motors like the G180HK in terms of the working version - there is no direct analogue in the Honda line, this is something intermediate between the Chinese 168F and 168F-2 motors.
The G210HT motor is a version of the base motor with a reduced output shaft fit from 19 to 16 mm. The most powerful G390HK motor is equipped with an electric starter (HKE). This engine is installed on the Champion walk-behind tractor.
| Model | Volume, cm3 | Power, hp | Price |
| G120HK | 118 | 4 | 7800 |
| G180HK | 179 | 6 | 7800 |
| G200HK | 196 | 6.5 | 7900 |
| G210HK | 208 | 7 | 9200 |
| G210HT | 212 | 7 | 9200 |
| G270HK | 270 | 9 | 15990 |
| G390HK | 389 | 13 | 17100 |
Top Models
Consider the 5 best diesel models that are available for purchase today.
Masteryard QUATRO JUNIOR DIESEL TWK+ 3500360601
A relatively inexpensive medium walk-behind tractor equipped with a diesel engine with a power of 5.5 l / s.
Ideal for small gardens and backyards. The model costs about 50,000 rubles. The weight of the model is 84 kg. Despite its compact dimensions and relatively low weight, it provides a loosening strip width of up to 90 cm - everything is like in "adult" models. The parameter is adjustable.
There are 2 more width positions - 30 cm and 60 cm. The maximum loosening depth is 32 cm.
The transmission is belt, but this is enough for a unit of this class. Start - manual. However, at such a low cost, it is quite possible to forgive. There are 3 speeds, one of which is reverse. Wheel diameter - 10''.
Installation of the hinged equipment is possible.
"Ugra" NMB-1N16
Inexpensive, but high-quality average unit of domestic production. The cost of the model is in the range from 60,000 to 65,000 rubles.
The engine power of the device is 4.4 l / s, and the weight is 85 kg. This is quite enough for processing small and medium-sized land plots.
The processing width is 70 cm, not adjustable. Plowing depth - up to 33 cm.
Transmission - belt. Installation of the hinged equipment is possible. There are 3 forward and 1 reverse gear. Starting the motor - due to the electric starter. Manual start is also possible.
LIFAN 1WG1300D 00-00000708
Chinese-made diesel walk-behind tractor with a 10 l / s engine. The cost of the model in the Russian market is approximately 90,000 rubles.
The model weighs 135 kg, while it has a fairly compact size. Despite its small dimensions, it is capable of providing a plowing width of up to 170 cm. Not every walk-behind tractor of this class can boast of this.
The width is adjustable, it can be reduced. The minimum possible value is 80 cm. The loosening depth is up to 30 cm. Installation of attachments is provided.
SCOUT 15 DE
Heavy walk-behind tractor designed for processing large land plots. The motor power of this model is 15 l / s, and the weight is 310 kg.
SCOUT 15 DE, in fact, is a mini tractor. Although it has controls like a traditional walk-behind tractor, operation is possible on a seat that is located in the rear. If necessary, it can be dismantled. In this case, the SCOUT 15 DE will turn into a traditional unit, the operator of which follows the machine on foot.
The engine is four-stroke, fully water-cooled. There is an electric starter. belt transmission). There are 6 forward speeds and 1 reverse speed.
The scope of delivery includes a tiller. It is possible to purchase and use additional nozzles.
SCOUT 15 DE is used for:
- hilling;
- weeding;
- watering or spraying;
- mowing hay;
- harvesting potatoes.
It is possible to install a special auger nozzle that can remove snow.
The width of the hilled strip is 1 m. The depth is adjustable, the maximum value is 17 cm.
The cost of the model is about 120,000 rubles. This is quite a bit for such a functional device.
How to choose the right diesel engine for walk-behind tractors
It is best when the diesel engine on the walk-behind tractor is four-stroke, which will ensure its reliable and economical operation. Recently, the KM186F model has become popular. It is capable of developing power up to 9 liters. with., with a working volume of up to 0.4 liters. The motor is equipped with cooling, which allows it to be operated for a long time without interruption.
KM186F engine
Experts highlight the Chinese model Lifan160F. It has a fairly high power - 4.3 kW, and the working volume is only 0.118 liters. The resource of such an engine is 3000 hours, which is a good indicator.
When choosing a diesel engine, you should always give preference to a more powerful one. Weak models will constantly experience increased loads on the gearbox and other working units, the wear of which will come faster. Therefore, it is always necessary to take into account the conditions in which the walk-behind tractor will be operated, which will allow you to choose the best model.
Lifan160F engine
Summing up
A diesel walk-behind tractor is a device equipped with an internal combustion engine, which is designed for tillage. Available in super light, light, medium and heavy. Unlike gasoline, it has better traction and greater reliability.
The transmission can be belt, chain or gear. The latter is considered the most reliable. Cooling can be air or liquid. The latter is much more efficient.
When choosing, you should pay attention to the class of equipment, its power, the width and depth of plowing, and the build quality.
Chinese motoblocks on diesel fuel
Diesel engine device for walk-behind tractor
When buying Chinese diesel motoblocks, you need to pay attention to their engine, on which the efficiency of the whole machine depends. Usually these are four-stroke options with a power of up to 9 kW. The working volume of their fuel tank is 10 liters (maximum possible). Such characteristics ensure the free movement of the walk-behind tractor, taking into account the existing resistance.
When buying Chinese equipment, you need to pay attention to the type of transmission that is installed on it. It can be liquid or dry friction. The first modification is ideally combined with a mechanical transmission, preventing its wear. But in this case, it is necessary to constantly lubricate the main working surfaces.
When choosing the optimal model of a walk-behind tractor, you can see that there is no significant difference between Chinese and European technology. In their production, the same kinematic relations are used. This makes it possible to unify and standardize equipment, which facilitates its repair and, if necessary, the replacement of failed parts. This is one of the main requirements for any specialized machines, which will ensure their long service life and economy.
The main advantage of Chinese models is their affordable cost and a huge selection in various versions. In order for such equipment to serve for a long time, it is necessary to treat it with care, perform maintenance and repair in a timely manner. Then some of its shortcomings will not affect the efficiency of work.
