What kind of bird: portal crane Albatros

Gantry cranes

This is a lifting equipment with a rotating part installed on a mobile metal structure, running on rails and capable of passing railway cars and other vehicles under it. Gantry cranes are widely used in the construction of power buildings, locks, dams, hydroelectric power stations and other important facilities. They are actively used in ship docks and cordon warehouses, when working with bulk, responsible piece, bulk cargo.

Portal crane device

In general, it consists of the following mechanisms:

Leg - an element with a trolley at the bottom (idle or motorized), providing movement along the crane track. The number of legs varies depending on the model and can be either 3 or 4 (classic version), or 8 or even 16. All trolleys are equipped with an anti-theft grip, each has an individual drive (if they are motorized), and the extreme ones are necessarily buffered .

Head - a platform for connecting legs, square or round. In addition to the final formation of the portal, with a passage of 10.5 m (standard for 2 tracks) or some other, it is also a connection point for electrical equipment - all bogie drives. Plus, the head is also a supporting element that receives loads from the rotary device.

Current lead - a cable, flexible or on a drum, which is attached to one of the legs or to the connecting crossbar, and is wound / unwound when the crane moves. Also, current can be supplied using a trolley, but this is a rather costly option, which is used only when it is impractical to lay a cable on a work site due to the high probability of its breakage or damage.

Rotary device - a column or a circle on the rollers in contact with the head. Supports and centers the drive that ensures the rotation of the gantry crane. Transfers loads and vertical pressure to the head.

Boom device - with a gripping mechanism that performs the operations of vertical and horizontal (if the reach can be changed) movement of goods. It is equipped with a system of movable counterweights, thanks to which, during operation, balance is achieved with respect to the swing axis.

Classification of portal cranes

By appointment distinguish:

• Reloading - the most common type, used in ports and warehouses. They are equipped with hooks, magnetic washers or grabs - for moving piece, metal or loose bodies. On all departures, their carrying capacity remains constant - from 1.5 to 30 tons.
• Mounting - usually installed at shipbuilding and ship repair yards, they are distinguished by a large leg height. They are used when working with piece goods of special responsibility, they can be equipped with two hooks and anti-tipping grips. They have a low operating speed and a variable, depending on the departure, carrying capacity - from 12.5 to 160 tons.
• Construction - are used where it is necessary to mechanize high-performance work for a long time. With their help, for example, concrete is laid during the construction of dams. Portal-type construction cranes are usually equipped with hooks and are characterized by a high speed of moving loads weighing 10-20 tons (usually) horizontally and vertically over a distance of 50-70 m.

According to the type (scheme) of the arrow, there are:

• straight lines - the departure remains unchanged;
• articulated - with a flexible or rigid brace, a straight or profiled trunk, leveling blocks or chain hoists - all this is aimed at changing the departure;

According to the design of the portal, cranes are classified into:

• lattice - each leg is a separate structure;
• frame - the legs are connected in pairs and thus attached to the crossbar through the head;
• frame-tower - similar to the previous ones, but only reach the head;
• frame-diagonal - each leg is pivotally attached to the crossbar.

According to the number of supports (legs) there are:

• three-
• four-
• multi-support.

According to the number of connection of legs with the upper crossbar, portal cranes:

• two-
• four-
• multi-rack.

In this case, the nature of the connection of the legs with the upper crossbar can be:

• rigid - the legs do not move;
• hinged - the supports can change their position (after the head).

According to the undercarriage, portal cranes are:

• on rails - they move exclusively along the laid path;
• pneumatic-wheeled - more mobile, even their turns on the spot are possible.

o-cranes.com

Types of gantry cranes

All portal mechanisms can be divided into the following types:

• coastal;
• floating.

The first includes those installations that operate on land.

At the same time, their location does not matter, because they can stand at the docks, be in a port or at a factory that repairs ships.

Such systems have a large carrying capacity, they are designed to move heavy loads. Their weight often reaches 300 tons.

Floating installations are on the water. They have the appearance of a vessel on which a mechanism for lifting cargo is installed. Installations are required to eliminate accidents and carry out repair work. They are used not only on the water, but also near the shore.

Mechanisms are needed for loading, as well as for unloading, when it is necessary to move from place to place of gravity.

Installation has an arrow, the crane is located on a portal. This is the name of its part, which can be rotated from side to side, providing the operator with access to the goods. Coastal cranes are able to move along railway rails, they are laid on the ground or on a flyover.

There is a classification of portal cranes according to their purpose, all installations can be divided into assembly and reloading. The first are divided into the following:

• shipbuilding;
• construction purpose.

Reloading cranes belong to port cranes, they are designed to carry loads weighing from 1.5 to 20 tons. They are indispensable when performing loading operations.

Installations that can carry loads of 3 tons or more are equipped with grabs. With their help, you can work with bulk materials. Also, lifting mechanisms are equipped with hooks, which makes it possible to carry containers.

Installations with a lifting capacity of up to 3 tons are not equipped with grabs. They are used to supply floating river transport with coal. Such mechanisms have hooks.

If you need a lifting system to function in a seaport, it is worth installing a grab crane. It will move loads weighing up to 25 tons. For example, the Aist is often used to carry goods. This is a multifunctional grab device powered by electricity.

When choosing a crane for a port, you should pay attention to the maximum outreach, it can be in the range of 15-40 m. Most often, a mechanism with an outreach of 30 m is used.

An important parameter is the track width. It depends on the number of railway tracks that are blocked by the portal. In ports, they try to install systems that have a constant carrying capacity on all departures.

Portals can be of the following types:

• single track;
• double track;
• three-track.

If the need arises, they can be replaced by L-shaped semi-portals. They differ in that one side of the horizontal frame rests on the undercarriage. They move along crane rails, which are laid on overpasses or on the supporting structures of cordon warehouses.

River ports often have sloping embankments. In this case, semi-portals can move along rails that are laid at several levels. This is done so that the axis of rotation of the crane is as close as possible to the vessel that needs to be unloaded.

During floods, the water level rises, flooding the railway track, but this does not interfere with the operation of the undercarriages. They move along the lower rail, working underwater.

The structure of a three-way crane is complex, but it can serve a large area. The construction of crane runways is expensive, so the payback period of the project must be taken into account before installing transfer cranes.

The second large group includes mounting cranes used in the field of shipbuilding. They are required for ship repair work, they are also used to move piece cargo.

To accommodate lifting installations, high portals are used, this improves the quality of service for ships during repairs.

Cranes are needed in the construction of ships afloat, they are called outfitting. Necessary if it is necessary to repair the vessel in dry docks. Such systems can often be found at repair embankments.

Cranes can be called slipway. These lifting installations are operated when the hulls of ships are assembled on stocks.

The assembly is carried out by nodes that are heavy. This had an impact on the load capacity of the systems. Outfitting and slipway devices move loads weighing up to 80 tons. There are mechanisms that are able to carry heavier loads from place to place.

Mounting cranes lift the hook to a height of 50 m, they move a load weighing from 20 tons. The mechanisms have not only the main hook, but also an additional one. The load capacity of the systems is variable, it often depends on the departure. The cargo moves at a low speed, which distinguishes cranes of this type from reloading ones. The maximum boom reach is 35-40 m. For example, in the ports you can see the Abus and Albrecht cranes, which were produced in the GDR.

Separately, dock cranes can be distinguished, they move at low speed. They are used only inside the docks.

Construction portal cranes are required in the construction of dams, hydroelectric buildings. They are used for laying concrete mortar supplied through the overpass, mounting formwork panels, slabs and reinforcement. With their help, you can build a bunker, move parts of turbines and other heavy loads.

The lifting capacity of the units is from 10 to 20 tons. The hook can be raised by 36 m, lowered by 70 m. The maximum reach of the boom is 50 m.

If necessary, the enterprise can purchase a semi-portal mechanism. Repair of portal cranes and such installations should be entrusted to specialists.

mobile

A mobile mobile crane is installed if it is impractical to use a gantry or other mechanism. It is often required in warehouses and workshops. It is operated outdoors, but installation is possible only on a solid and even surface.

Boom

Gantry boom cranes are used in construction, most often they serve buckets with a concrete mixture. The units are equipped with hooks and have a load limiter.

Mechanisms are used at open production and construction sites. Portals are high. This is done so that a flyover can pass under them, along which goods are transported.

types and characteristics :: SYL.ru

The gantry crane has the form of a special crane, the swivel platform of which is mounted on a high pedestal, and the movement mechanism itself moves along rails. Such devices are often used in shipyards, as well as in ports and ship docks. The basic principle of operation of cranes is to capture and move large-scale cargo. The gantry crane itself consists of legs, as well as a head. The crane in the port is capable of lifting and moving large-scale cargo weighing from 5 to 300 tons.

Portal crane device

The gantry crane has a base with a driving mechanism that can rotate around its axis. Since this type of lift is capable of performing various functions, namely the movement of various types of goods, it can be equipped with various types of grips, such as a hook or a clamshell grip. Depending on their location and functions, cranes can be construction and assembly. This kind of equipment has a lot of positive characteristics, and is also easy to move from place to place.

Types of portal cranes

Portal crane is of several types and varieties, each of them has its purposeful purpose.

The dock crane, in comparison with similar models of cranes, has a rather low lifting capacity, which in many respects does not correspond to its intended purpose. This crane is anti-tilt and has anti-angle grips.

The transfer crane is capable of lifting more weight than the previous one, namely about 30 tons. In some cases, such a lift can be equipped with a special magnet (for lifting metal parts), as well as a hook or grab (for moving bulk cargo). On such a crane, in most cases, there is a winch or several to insure the transported cargo.

The assembly crane is used in ports, as well as in ship repair or shipbuilding enterprises. Outwardly, such a crane is almost identical to the previous one, only it is able to lift loads, the mass of which can reach 160 tons, several winches are also used for insurance.

Characteristics of cranes

The crane located in the port, as a rule, has several working mechanisms. The mobile mechanism of the crane is an installation function, and all the others are working mechanisms. Depending on the installation site, cranes are divided into various types according to their application, they can perform both the function of overloading and the function of supporting and capturing large-scale cargo. The mobile mechanism is a set of carts, which, in turn, can be driven and non-driven types. The cranes used in the port are very light and economical, they are also able to withstand the lowest possible temperatures, namely up to -45 degrees. Regardless of their intended purpose and name, such cranes are often used in the oil and gas industry, as well as in the forestry and coal industries. The outreach of the gantry crane can be up to 40 meters.

The characteristics of portal cranes are reflected in the direct name of this crane. For example, the Ganz 5/6–30–0.5 gantry crane has the following characteristics:

• hook capacity, depending on the reach, smoothly changes from 5 to 6 tons;
• maximum reach - 30 m;
• portal gauge 0.5 m.

It would be advisable to use this lift in construction and agriculture, since its carrying capacity is not so large.

Types of gantry cranes

Depending on the conditions of use, cranes are divided into two types - these are floating and coastal. Floating cranes are used directly on the water and are the same vessel, only with a lifting mechanism. Portal cranes, the technical characteristics of which involve the elimination of breakdowns and accidents that occurred in the water space, as well as near land, are floating.

Shore cranes include all those located on land, regardless of whether they are located in a port, dock or shipyard. Such cranes are used to lift all types of cargo, reaching a weight of 300 tons.

www.syl.ru

Characteristics of the portal crane

The variety of tasks to be solved forces manufacturers to indicate a large number of technical characteristics of their products. For example, a port crane includes the following main list:

• type of boom used (applied kinematic scheme and possible boom outreach);
• allowable speed of all major operations;
• maximum load capacity;
• permitted lifting height;
• list of applied gripping and lifting mechanisms;
• the necessary parameters of the electrical network (required voltage, number of phases, total power);
• cable length (determined by the size of the coil installed on the crane);
• chassis type;
• climatic conditions in which the operation of such a crane is allowed (maximum and minimum temperature, permissible air flow rate).

According to the type of boom, portal devices are divided into two categories:

• with an articulated boom, a profile trunk and a flexible brace;
• a similar arrow and a rigid guy line.

The kinematic scheme used determines the mass of the allowable load.

The main allowable speeds characterizing technical capabilities include:

• lifting a load of a given weight (m / min);
• descent by a certain amount within a minute;
• the rate of change of the boom;
• horizontal movement on rails;
• crane rotation speed around its own axis (rpm)

To determine the main indicators, a load weighing ten and twenty tons is used.

In the standard version, the portal part is installed on undercarriages with a certain number of wheels. Each of them has an independent electric drive. The speed of movement is determined by the power of the installed engines. To ensure safety, so-called dead-end limiters are installed on the trolleys. The permissible distance that a gantry crane can travel is determined by the size of the laid rail track and the length of the electric cable wound around the coil (usually the cable length is 50 m).

The parameters of the electrical circuit are determined by the number and power of the motors used. For example, slewing motors can be up to 19 kW, undercarriage drive motors up to 75 kW, and so on.

Modern portal devices are equipped with a large list of lifting equipment. It includes:

• hook suspensions (each is designed for a certain weight);
• clamshell grips (used for handling bulk cargoes);
• traverses with fixed magnets.

To solve highly specialized tasks, they can be equipped with special load gripping devices.

Portal Crane is... What is a Portal Crane?

A portal crane is a full-revolving jib crane, the rotary part of which is installed on a portal moving along rails laid on the ground or overpass [1].

Description

There are reloading (grab and hook) and assembly (construction and shipbuilding, etc.) cranes. The lifting capacity of cranes produced in the USSR was 80 tons, in other countries - up to 300 tons. The wind load is determined according to GOST 1451-77 and taken into account when choosing engines (Wind load of the working state of the crane). The rules for the technical operation of reloading machines of seaports prohibit the operation of coastal cranes at a wind speed of 15 m/s or more [1].

Device

Portals

Depending on the number of railroad tracks to be blocked, the portals are single-, double- and triple-track. The internal contour of the portal must correspond to the dimension of the approximation of buildings in accordance with GOST 9238-73 [1]. Portals are different:

• According to the type of attachment of supports to the upper crossbar:

1. Articulated[1].
2. Rigid[1].

• By the number of connections of supports to the upper crossbar:

1. Two-column[1].
2. Four post[1].

• By the number of connections with the chassis:

1. Tricycle[1].
2. four-bearing[1].

• According to the method of formation of the structure:

1. Latticed[1].
2. Frame[1].
3. Frame-tower [1].
4. Frame-diagonal[1].

The type of slewing device (abbr. OPU) affects the design of the portal. Turning mechanisms have a conventional design with a worm or gear reducer, a bevel or multi-plate limit torque clutch and an open gear or pinion gear [1].

Mechanisms

Gantry cranes have mechanisms for lifting, changing the departure, turning and moving (moving is an installation movement, the rest are working) [1].

Running devices

Movement mechanisms consist of driven and non-driven bogies, united by a system of balancers. The length of the arms of the balancers is chosen taking into account the same load on all wheels. With a wheel diameter of 560-710 mm (load 250-400 kN), 12 wheels or more are placed under the support. The trolleys are equipped with anti-theft grippers[1].

Application

reloading

The working body of reloading cranes are:

Typically, these cranes are equipped with an additional hook clip [1].

Mounting

Mounting cranes are designed for work with critical piece cargo. On mounting cranes, for their effective use, they provide for a change in the permissible load-carrying capacity depending on the reach [1].

Portal docks

Cranes with a bunker on the portal. Rotation is eliminated from the crane's duty cycle, thereby increasing productivity. The movement of the grab from the hold to the bunker and back is provided only by the mechanisms for lifting and changing the departure. From the grab, the cargo is poured into the bunker and delivered to the warehouse by conveyors, one or two of which are mounted on a crane. The dimensions of the bunker in terms of, taking into account the rocking of the grab on the ropes, are significant. To reduce swinging, the length of the suspension should be as short as possible. When moving the crane along the vessel, the bunker should not protrude towards the shore rail beyond the size of the portal. When unloading cargo from the vessel, the hopper is installed horizontally, and when the crane moves along the pier, it is installed vertically; at the same time, the bunker does not touch the ship's superstructures [1].

Cranes with a bunker on the portal

Cranes with a bunker on the portal are used for unloading bulk cargo with a stable cargo flow [1].

Faucet marking

see also

Notes

1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 P. Z. Petukhov, G. P. Ksyunin, L. G. Serlin - Special cranes - M: Mashinostroenie, 1985, 248s.

Links

dic.academic.ru

Portal crane device

Such a unit is a complex lifting and transport mechanism capable of lifting and moving loads of large mass and dimensions. The portal crane device includes the following components and assemblies:

• turntable;
• portal;
• control cabin;
• trunk;
• complex of counterweights (movable and fixed);
• boom lifting and control mechanisms;
• chassis (drive motors, wheeled bogie, brake system);
• command and control system;
• lifting devices.

The boom reach is determined by the applied kinematic scheme. Modern devices use fully or partially balanced arrows. The choice of a specific scheme depends on the list of tasks to be solved.

To move the portal crane around the site, various types of crane trolleys are used. Most often, the movement is carried out on laid rails.

PORTAL CRANE is… What is PORTAL CRANE?

PORTAL CRANE Hoisting and transport machine of cyclic action, consisting of a portal moving along crane runways and a rotary part with a boom system installed on it.
It is used for reloading operations in sea and river ports, shipbuilding and ship repair plants and floating docks, as well as in the construction of hydraulic structures. Reloading P.K. are made in hook or clamshell, mounting - in hook design. Crane portals are 3- and 4-support, the gauge of the crane runway is 6, 10.5 and 15.3 m (for placing one, two or three railway tracks under the portal). The rotary part rests on a turntable in the form of a turntable of a fixed or rotating column. The boom system provides horizontal or near-horizontal movement of the load when changing the reach of the boom. It is balanced by a movable counterweight. Boom systems are used, articulated with flexible or rigid braces and with a straight boom equipped with an equalizing chain hoist (unbalanced boom systems). On P.K. a single-drum (hook) or two-drum (grab) winch can be installed. Carrying capacity of reloading P.K. 5 - 40 tons, assembly - up to 300 tons; maximum outreach 25 - 40 m. Grab cranes, as a rule, have a constant lifting capacity at any outreach, hook cranes can have a variable or constant lifting capacity. Load lifting speed 0.85 - 1.25 m / s, average speed of change of boom radius 0.55 - 1 m / s, rotational speed of the rotary part of the crane 1 - 2 rpm, portal movement speed 0.5 - 0.6 m/s. PC. equipped with safety and signaling devices: load capacity and load moment limiters, limit switches that limit the movement of cargo, anti-theft grippers (when exposed to a significant wind load), buffer devices that absorb shocks in collisions, an anemometer signaling a dangerous wind load on the crane. Marine encyclopedic reference book. - L .: Shipbuilding. Edited by Academician N. N. Isanin. 1986.

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See what the "PORTAL CRANE" is in other dictionaries:

• PORTAL CRANE - a crane in which the boom and turntable are installed on a high portal moving along a rail track. They are used in ports, shipyards, hydraulic engineering, etc. Carrying capacity up to 300 tons, ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary
• PORTAL CRANE - see Cranes. Samoilov K.I. Marine Dictionary. M. L .: State Naval Publishing House of the NKVMF of the USSR, 1941 ... Marine Dictionary
• portal crane - - [A.S. Goldberg. English Russian Energy Dictionary. 2006] Energy topics in general EN gantry ... Technical translator's guide
• portal crane - a crane in which the boom and turntable are installed on a high portal moving along a rail track. They are used in ports, shipyards, in hydraulic engineering, etc. Carrying capacity up to ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary
• Portal crane - A portal crane is a full-revolving jib crane, the rotary part of which is installed on a portal moving along rails laid on the ground or overpass [1] ... Wikipedia
• PORTAL CRANE - lifting crane, intended for for loading and unloading operations in large open areas. On the U-shaped portal of the P. to. there is a rotary crane part, a platform, mechanisms, an arrow connected to the portal by a rotary support device. ... ... Big Encyclopedic Polytechnic Dictionary
• Portal crane - see Art. Crane ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
• gantry crane - A jib-type crane, mobile, swivel on a portal designed to pass rail or road transport [GOST 27555 87 ISO 4306/1 85] gantry crane A jib-type slewing crane on the portal ... ... Technical translator's guide
• Jib type crane - (English Jib type crane / French Appareil de levage du type grue) a crane in which a load handling device is suspended from blocks at the end of the boom or suspended from a cargo trolley moving along the boom [1]. Issued in ... ... Wikipedia
• PORTAL - PORTAL, portal, portal (architect. and tech.). adj. to the portal. portal columns. portal crane. Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935 1940 ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

sea_enc_reference.academic.ru

Common Gantry Cranes

The enterprises widely use portal load-lifting mechanisms. When choosing an installation for an enterprise, you should pay attention to the most common models.

Falcon

The Sokol crane is powered by electricity, it has 4 supports. The mechanism has good technical characteristics. It is all-wheel drive, block design. The boom is made in such a way that the load moves horizontally. The slewing device is controlled from the cab, thanks to which the grapple can be rotated by 90°.

The mechanism operates from 380 V. The cables are long enough, so the maneuverability of the equipment is not limited. It is designed in such a way that the load on the crane tracks is reduced. Parts wear out less.

Albatross

The Albatros crane allows the operator to move loads with high precision. This model was first released in the 70s of the XX century. Today it can be found in ports, industrial sites.

It is equipped with a hook, but an electromagnetic grip is often used in the work. It is possible to use a grapple. A feature of the lifting mechanism can be called the fact that it moves the load in a horizontal plane.

The device is used to work with bulk cargo, it can move piece items.

Kirovets

This model was first released 50 years ago, today there are more than 2500 devices in operation. In the modifications that the enterprises produce, they install new electric motors and gearboxes. The purchase of such models is beneficial in that they do not require large operating costs.

Ganz

Portal crane Ganz is characterized by high efficiency. The operator can use a grab or a hook in the work. This is a reliable unit equipped with a recuperation system. The mechanism has a long service life, so many enterprises acquire it.

Condor

The Condor crane is reliable. A magnet and a grab are used to move goods, often a spreader is used.

The mechanism can be equipped with a hook. It moves loads from 16 to 40 tons. Models that manufacturers are producing now can move loads weighing up to 120 tons.

Knight

The Vityaz crane is a lifting equipment that can carry loads of up to 200 tons with a hook. In the clamshell mode, the lifting and transport machine carries up to 60 tons. The boom has a long reach, it reaches 60 m.

KP-640

Portal crane KP-640 lifted up to 640 tons. It is equipped with 2 cranes capable of lifting 320 tons each.

Portal crane Wikipedia

Port crane

- a full-revolving jib crane, the rotary part of which is installed on a portal moving along rails laid on the ground or overpass [1].

Description

There are reloading (grab and hook) and assembly (construction and shipbuilding, etc.) cranes. The lifting capacity of cranes produced in the USSR was 80 tons, in other countries - up to 300 tons. The wind load is determined according to GOST 1451-77 and taken into account when choosing engines (Wind load of the working state of the crane). The rules for the technical operation of reloading machines of seaports prohibit the operation of coastal cranes at a wind speed of 15 m/s or more [1].

Device

Portals

Depending on the number of railroad tracks to be blocked, the portals are single-, double- and triple-track. The internal contour of the portal must correspond to the dimension of the approximation of buildings in accordance with GOST 9238-73 [1]. Portals are different:

• According to the type of attachment of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Articulated[1].
2. Rigid[1].

• By the number of connections of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Two-column[1].
2. Four post[1].

• According to the number of connections with the chassis
  :

1. Tricycle[1].
2. four-bearing[1].

• According to the method of formation of the structure
  :

1. Latticed[1].
2. Frame[1].
3. Frame-tower [1].
4. Frame-diagonal[1].

The type of slewing device (abbr. OPU) affects the design of the portal. Turning mechanisms have a conventional design with a worm or gear reducer, a bevel or multi-plate limit torque clutch and an open gear or pinion gear [1].

Mechanisms

Gantry cranes have mechanisms for lifting, changing the departure, turning and moving (moving is an installation movement, the rest are working) [1].

Running devices

Movement mechanisms consist of driven and non-driven bogies, united by a system of balancers. The length of the arms of the balancers is chosen taking into account the same load on all wheels. With a wheel diameter of 560-710 mm (load 250-400 kN), 12 wheels or more are placed under the support. The trolleys are equipped with anti-theft grippers[1].

Application

reloading

The working body of reloading cranes are:

Typically, these cranes are equipped with an additional hook clip [1].

Mounting

Mounting cranes are designed for work with critical piece cargo. On mounting cranes, for their effective use, they provide for a change in the permissible load-carrying capacity depending on the reach [1].

Portal kangaroo cranes

Cranes with a bunker on the portal. Rotation is eliminated from the crane's duty cycle, thereby increasing productivity. The movement of the grab from the hold to the bunker and back is provided only by the mechanisms for lifting and changing the departure. From the grab, the cargo is poured into the bunker and delivered to the warehouse by conveyors, one or two of which are mounted on a crane. The dimensions of the bunker in terms of, taking into account the rocking of the grab on the ropes, are significant. To reduce swinging, the length of the suspension should be as short as possible. When moving the crane along the vessel, the bunker should not protrude towards the shore rail beyond the size of the portal. When unloading cargo from the vessel, the hopper is installed horizontally, and when the crane moves along the pier, it is installed vertically; at the same time, the bunker does not touch the ship's superstructures [1].

Cranes with a bunker on the portal

Cranes with a bunker on the portal are used for unloading bulk cargo with a stable cargo flow [1].

Faucet marking

see also

Notes

1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 G. P. Ksyunin, L. G. Serlin
   - Special cranes - M: Mashinostroenie, 1985, 248s.

Links

wikiredia.ru

Varieties of portal cranes

The portals themselves, which perform the motor function of this type of cranes, also have many subdivisions. Firstly, they can differ in such indicators as the type of attachment of the support itself to the crossbar from above. Namely, there are portals of a rigid type and a hinged type. The number of connections can be made in the form of a two-column connection and a four-column one. Also, depending on the model of the portal crane, the number of connections directly with the undercarriage part may vary, namely, it can be a connection of a three-bearing type and a four-bearing type.

The design of the portal crane itself has different features. So for different types of work and depending on the destination, gantry cranes such as lattice cranes are used. There are also such types of constructive formation of portal cranes as tower frame type, frame-tower diagonal type and simply frame.

Usually, for the design features of the portal crane listed above, the rotary-support device is responsible, which is usually made of a standard mechanism, with gear or worm gears. The clutch of this mechanism, as a rule, can be conical or have a multi-plate type. The transmission is mainly in this mechanism of an open gear type.

PORTAL LOADING CRANE "KIROVETS" (KPP)

Portal design:

«Kirovets

» is characterized by the elastic compliance of the portal, which ensures uniform distribution of the load on the frames and units at any positions of the boom and at any unevenness of the rail tracks. Therefore, the design of the portal "Kirovets" makes it possible to compensate for the poor quality of the crane runways, which is important for cranes purchased to replace worn out ones on already operated tracks.

Portal crane "Kirovets"

The design of the slewing device:

The slewing device of Kirovets
is a roller circle and a circular rail on the portal and platform. The use of a roller slewing device greatly simplifies installation, since it does not require jewelry alignment of the swivel part relative to its non-swivel part. This design simplifies and reduces the cost of repairs.

Swing body design:

The lantern engagement of the turning organ used in Kirovets

”, allows, when the pins are worn, to restore their working capacity by turning these pins by 90 ° or simply replacing them with less worn sectors of the turning mechanism. These repairs are low-cost in terms of labor intensity and consumables.

Departure change mechanism:

In the gear rack of cranes " Kirovets

» The toothed blades are attached mechanically, so they (front and rear blades) can be interchanged, then having a full-fledged toothed blade on the worn section of the rack.

Crane steel structures:

In metal structures of all considered types, welding of supporting structures at the installation stage is not used. The design provides plugs for draining condensate from internal cavities, however, in addition, in the metal structures of cranes " Kirovets

» additional vents (breathers) are provided for ventilation of internal cavities and evaporation of condensate from metal structures, which completely eliminates the accumulation of water in the cavities during routine maintenance.

Applicable materials for the metal structure of the crane:

The basis of the design of portal cranes " Kirovets

» is steel 09G2S of categories 14 and 15. The welding technology of domestic cold-resistant steels is typical for domestic repair organizations.

Other benefits:

«Kirovets

» can be operated at temperatures up to -45°C, which is sometimes a significant indicator for a particular location of the crane installation.
The maintainability of Kirovets
is technologically ensured in the entire range of operating temperatures.

Varieties of portal crane booms.

Today, 4 types of arrow mechanisms are most common.

Articulated booms

Such an arrow consists of a trunk and a rope guy. The inclined part of the trunk is designed in such a way as to ensure horizontal movement of the load. The trajectory of the tip of the trunk depends on the position of the rope. If the rope is parallel to the axis of the boom, then the movement of the end of the trunk occurs horizontally.

Hard Draw Arrows

Rigid trunk retraction reduces the twisting of the arrow under the action of inertia forces applied to the end of the trunk and keeps it vertical when it breaks. Because of this, it is often used in high-speed cranes with high lifting capacity up to 100 tons. When using a rigid guy on floating cranes, the lifting capacity can reach 350 tons.

The use of a soft bail reduces the weight of the boom itself, but there is a risk of twisting and overturning.

Arrows with leveling polyplast

This type of boom has a simple design and is easy to transport. The disadvantage of such arrows is the large length of the rope, resulting in high swaying of the load, as well as high consumption of the rope due to rapid wear when rolling over blocks.

Gantry crane boom with leveling block

Such arrows are mounted on a swinging arm that pulls the cargo rope when changing the height of the departure. When moving the load, the trajectory of the movement of the arrows deviates from the horizontal.

The balancing of the arrows in all variants is achieved by means of a counterweight which is located on the rocker arm, which is connected by a rigid rod to the arrow or on a rope suspension.

Types of portal cranes

Portal crane is of several types and varieties, each of them has its purposeful purpose.

The dock crane, in comparison with similar models of cranes, has a rather low lifting capacity, which in many respects does not correspond to its intended purpose. This crane is anti-tilt and has anti-angle grips.

The transfer crane is capable of lifting more weight than the previous one, namely about 30 tons. In some cases, such a lift can be equipped with a special magnet (for lifting metal parts), as well as a hook or grab (for moving bulk cargo). On such a crane, in most cases, there is a winch or several to insure the transported cargo.

The assembly crane is used in ports, as well as in ship repair or shipbuilding enterprises. Outwardly, such a crane is almost identical to the previous one, only it is able to lift loads, the mass of which can reach 160 tons, several winches are also used for insurance.

Portal crane - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The current version of the page has not yet been reviewed by experienced contributors and may differ significantly from the version reviewed on December 17, 2012; checks require 15 edits. The current version of the page has not yet been reviewed by experienced contributors and may differ significantly from the version reviewed on December 17, 2012; checks require 15 edits.

Port crane

- a full-revolving jib crane, the rotary part of which is installed on a portal moving along rails laid on the ground or overpass [1].

There are reloading (grab and hook) and assembly (construction and shipbuilding, etc.) cranes. The lifting capacity of cranes produced in the USSR was 80 tons, in other countries - up to 300 tons. The wind load is determined according to GOST 1451-77 and taken into account when choosing engines (Wind load of the working state of the crane). The rules for the technical operation of reloading machines of seaports prohibit the operation of coastal cranes at a wind speed of 15 m/s or more [1].

Portals[edit | edit code]

Depending on the number of railroad tracks to be blocked, the portals are single-, double- and triple-track. The internal contour of the portal must correspond to the dimension of the approximation of buildings in accordance with GOST 9238-73 [1]. Portals are different:

• According to the type of attachment of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Articulated[1].
2. Rigid[1].

• By the number of connections of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Two-column[1].
2. Four post[1].

• According to the number of connections with the chassis
  :

1. Tricycle[1].
2. four-bearing[1].

• According to the method of formation of the structure
  :

1. Latticed[1].
2. Frame[1].
3. Frame-tower [1].
4. Frame-diagonal[1].

The type of slewing device (abbr. OPU) affects the design of the portal. Turning mechanisms have a conventional design with a worm or gear reducer, a bevel or multi-plate limit torque clutch and an open gear or pinion gear [1].

Mechanisms[edit | edit code]

Gantry cranes have mechanisms for lifting, changing the departure, turning and moving (moving is an installation movement, the rest are working) [1].

Running devices[edit | edit code]

Movement mechanisms consist of driven and non-driven bogies, united by a system of balancers. The length of the arms of the balancers is chosen taking into account the same load on all wheels. With a wheel diameter of 560-710 mm (load 250-400 kN), 12 wheels or more are placed under the support. The trolleys are equipped with anti-theft grippers[1].

Reloading[edit | edit code]

The working body of reloading cranes are:

Typically, these cranes are equipped with an additional hook clip [1].

Mounting[edit | edit code]

Mounting cranes are designed for work with critical piece cargo. On mounting cranes, for their effective use, they provide for a change in the permissible load-carrying capacity depending on the reach [1].

Portal kangaroo cranes[edit | edit code]

Cranes with a bunker on the portal. Rotation is eliminated from the crane's duty cycle, thereby increasing productivity. The movement of the grab from the hold to the bunker and back is provided only by the mechanisms for lifting and changing the departure. From the grab, the cargo is poured into the bunker and delivered to the warehouse by conveyors, one or two of which are mounted on a crane. The dimensions of the bunker in terms of, taking into account the rocking of the grab on the ropes, are significant. To reduce swinging, the length of the suspension should be as short as possible. When moving the crane along the vessel, the bunker should not protrude towards the shore rail beyond the size of the portal. When unloading cargo from the vessel, the hopper is installed horizontally, and when the crane moves along the pier, it is installed vertically; at the same time, the bunker does not touch the ship's superstructures [1].

Cranes with a bunker on the portal[edit | edit code]

Cranes with a bunker on the portal are used for unloading bulk cargo with a stable cargo flow [1].

1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 G. P. Ksyunin, L. G. Serlin
   - Special cranes - M: Mashinostroenie, 1985, 248s.

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Portal crane - Wikipedia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Port crane

- a full-revolving jib crane, the rotary part of which is installed on a portal moving along rails laid on the ground or overpass [1].

Description

There are reloading (grab and hook) and assembly (construction and shipbuilding, etc.) cranes. The lifting capacity of cranes produced in the USSR was 80 tons, in other countries - up to 300 tons. The wind load is determined according to GOST 1451-77 and taken into account when choosing engines (Wind load of the working state of the crane). The rules for the technical operation of reloading machines of seaports prohibit the operation of coastal cranes at a wind speed of 15 m/s or more [1].

Related videos

Device

Portals

Depending on the number of railroad tracks to be blocked, the portals are single-, double- and triple-track. The internal contour of the portal must correspond to the dimension of the approximation of buildings in accordance with GOST 9238-73 [1]. Portals are different:

• According to the type of attachment of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Articulated[1].
2. Rigid[1].

• By the number of connections of supports to the upper rail
  :

1. Two-column[1].
2. Four post[1].

• According to the number of connections with the chassis
  :

1. Tricycle[1].
2. four-bearing[1].

• According to the method of formation of the structure
  :

1. Latticed[1].
2. Frame[1].
3. Frame-tower [1].
4. Frame-diagonal[1].

The type of slewing device (abbr. OPU) affects the design of the portal. Turning mechanisms have a conventional design with a worm or gear reducer, a bevel or multi-plate limit torque clutch and an open gear or pinion gear [1].

Mechanisms

Gantry cranes have mechanisms for lifting, changing the departure, turning and moving (moving is an installation movement, the rest are working) [1].

Running devices

Movement mechanisms consist of driven and non-driven bogies, united by a system of balancers. The length of the arms of the balancers is chosen taking into account the same load on all wheels. With a wheel diameter of 560-710 mm (load 250-400 kN), 12 wheels or more are placed under the support. The trolleys are equipped with anti-theft grippers[1].

Application

reloading

The working body of reloading cranes are:

Typically, these cranes are equipped with an additional hook clip [1].

Mounting

Mounting cranes are designed for work with critical piece cargo. On mounting cranes, for their effective use, they provide for a change in the permissible load-carrying capacity depending on the reach [1].

Portal kangaroo cranes

Cranes with a bunker on the portal. Rotation is eliminated from the crane's duty cycle, thereby increasing productivity. The movement of the grab from the hold to the bunker and back is provided only by the mechanisms for lifting and changing the departure. From the grab, the cargo is poured into the bunker and delivered to the warehouse by conveyors, one or two of which are mounted on a crane. The dimensions of the bunker in terms of, taking into account the rocking of the grab on the ropes, are significant. To reduce swinging, the length of the suspension should be as short as possible. When moving the crane along the vessel, the bunker should not protrude towards the shore rail beyond the size of the portal. When unloading cargo from the vessel, the hopper is installed horizontally, and when the crane moves along the pier, it is installed vertically; at the same time, the bunker does not touch the ship's superstructures [1].

Cranes with a bunker on the portal

Cranes with a bunker on the portal are used for unloading bulk cargo with a stable cargo flow [1].

Faucet marking

see also

Notes

1. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 G. P. Ksyunin, L. G. Serlin
   - Special cranes - M: Mashinostroenie, 1985, 248s.

Links

wiki2.red

Portal crane Falcon

Portal crane "Falcon" - was developed and manufactured at the VEB Kranbau Eberwalde plant (GDR). Without exaggeration, it can be called a unique development of engineers. Working for more than three decades in different climatic conditions, this technique never fails demonstrating reliability and efficiency. Due to the possibility of using various attachments, the Sokol portal crane can be used in various areas, for example:

• When unloading / loading containers using a spreader in sea and river ports,
• transshipment of piece cargo by means of a hook suspension,
• When working with loose materials using a grab,
• When lifting and moving rolled metal using an electromagnet.

The design of the crane consists of components and high-quality components. This makes it possible to provide a wide range of speeds, positioning accuracy, smooth running and reliability of lifting equipment. Sokol, one of the few portal cranes that can be used in the Far North with an operating temperature of up to -45 C. Website promotion in St. Petersburg

Design features

Sokol is a gantry, all-wheel drive, block-type electric crane on a swivel column with an articulated boom. Due to the special design of the boom, the horizontal movement of the load is ensured when the outreach changes. The crane has a special turning device controlled from the cab, which can turn the traverse or grab by 90 degrees.

The falcon has 4 supports - movement carts. The rotary part (tower) consists of:

• columns with engine room
• fixed counterweight
• control panel with crane cab
• platform for changing the rotation of the traverse
• platform for changing the angle of the boom

The boom part of the crane consists of:

• articulated trunk,
• hard pull,
• jibs, rocker arms with a movable counterweight.

A device is installed on the jib to reduce the wind vibrations of the grab. The crane contains a special cable drum with a cargo drive. In the engine room are:

• lift mechanism and
• electrical equipment boards.

The turning mechanism is mounted outside at the base of the column.

Advantages of the Sokol Portal Crane

• The advantages of a gantry crane include precise balancing of the travel system by installing control rollers. This design will reduce the load on the crane rails and reduce the wear of mechanisms during operation.
• High accuracy of work is achieved through the use of a horizontal movement of the load on the boom, which minimizes the swing of the lifted loads.
• The electrical equipment of the Sokol crane is connected to the 380 V network using current leads that ensure the functionality of the device and comply with established safety standards. The length of the cable allows not to limit the maneuverability of the lifting equipment. For remote control, modern crane models are equipped with a GSM modem.

For the smooth operation of the portal crane, timely repair of worn parts and assemblies is necessary, while it is very important to use original spare parts that can be purchased at a bargain from our company.

Technical data of the portal crane "Sokol"

* Approximate value, specified for each crane

Characteristics of electric motors

Gantry and semi-gantry cranes

Portal and semi-portal cranes must be designed for stability with a stability factor of at least 1.5 when working with a load, taking into account wind pressure of 40-50 kg / m2, and with an empty hook - 200 kg / m2.

As well as gantry cranes, these cranes must be equipped with an anti-theft brake to prevent the crane from moving from the action of the wind. Heavy slewing cranes with a lifting capacity of up to 250 tons are installed in ports to handle heavy loads. Both in ports and shipyards, the need to lift goods to a considerable height led to the creation of a type of light slewing tower crane (Fig. 8). The lifting force of cranes of this type is usually in the range of 1.5-5 tons with a reach of 5-20 m; lifting height 30-40 m.

The crane is a kind of fixed column slewing cranes. A horizontal truss, carrying a cargo trolley, mechanisms and a counterweight, rotates around a vertical axis. In order to reduce the influence of the overturning moment, the cargo trolley is made as light as possible, and by placing the mechanisms at the rear of the horizontal truss, the need to arrange counterweights is avoided. A significant lifting height causes high lifting speeds of the load, which reach up to 30-50 m / min.

Heavy port slewing jib crane

On fig. 9 shows a heavy port slewing crane with a lifting jib lifting force of 150 tons. The largest reach with a load of 50 tons is 27 m, and the smallest with a load of 180 tons with a completely raised jib is 8.5 m. The highest position of the hook with the largest reach is 28 m , and at the smallest overhang - 43 m. The metal structure consists of a support and a rotating truss. Vertical forces are perceived by a support made in the form of a heel.

Main elements of portal cranes

In general, a gantry crane consists of:

legs - an element with a trolley on rail or pneumatic wheel guides. Number of legs

it can be different, from 4 to 16. An anti-theft device (capture), a motor drive must be installed on the trolleys.

Head - a platform on which the tower is installed and the legs of the crane are connected together. The head forms the portal of the crane

with a travel distance of up to 10.5 meters. In addition, the head is the main supporting element that takes on the main load.

Conductor - power cable

, which is attached to one of the legs of the crane. When the crane moves, it reels or unwinds. Also, the current to the portal crane can be transmitted through the trolley, but this design is rarely used. Only when there is a possibility of a power cable break.

The rotary element is a circle on the rollers mounted on the head. The main function is to ensure the rotation of the crane

around its axis. Also, the rotary element transfers the main loads to the head.

Arrow - an element with a gripping mechanism for horizontal and vertical

moving cargo. It has a counterweight, due to which balance is achieved.

Portal crane Wikipedia

Port crane

- a full-revolving jib crane, the rotary part of which is installed on a portal moving along rails laid on the ground or overpass [1].

Description[ | ]

There are reloading (grab and hook) and assembly (construction and shipbuilding, etc.) cranes. The lifting capacity of cranes produced in the USSR was 80 tons, in other countries - up to 300 tons. The wind load is determined according to GOST 1451-77 and taken into account when choosing engines (Wind load of the working state of the crane). The rules for the technical operation of reloading machines of seaports prohibit the operation of coastal cranes at a wind speed of 15 m/s or more [1].

Device[ | ]

Portals[ | ]

Depending on the number of railroad tracks to be blocked, the portals are single-, double- and triple-track. The internal contour of the portal must correspond to the dimension of the approximation of buildings in accordance with GOST 9238-73 [1]. Portals are different:

• According to the type of attachment of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Articulated[1].
2. Rigid[1].

• By the number of connections of supports to the upper crossbar
  :

1. Two-column[1].
2. Four post[1].

• According to the number of connections with the chassis
  :

1. Tricycle[1].
2. four-bearing[1].

• According to the method of formation of the structure
  :

1. Latticed[1].
2. Frame[1].
3. Frame-tower [1].
4. Frame-diagonal[1].

The type of slewing device (abbr. OPU) affects the design of the portal. Turning mechanisms have a conventional design with a worm or gear reducer, a bevel or multi-plate limit torque clutch and an open gear or pinion gear [1].

Mechanisms[ | ]

Gantry cranes have mechanisms for lifting, changing the departure, turning and moving (moving is

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