KAMAZ-5511. Transmission and power supply. Brakes and suspension. What they write on the forums: reviews of the owners

The Kama Automobile Plant, which manufactures world-famous KamAZ trucks, is one of the most successful Russian enterprises.

We will soon celebrate the 40th anniversary of the launch of the conveyor - the first onboard KamAZ-5320 was assembled in February 1976. Since then, more than two million trucks have been produced.

The KamAZ model range includes a huge number of different vehicles - basic models and their modifications. To be precise, their number is just over 100. It would seem that it is very difficult to deal with all this diversity, however, all KamAZ products can be divided into the following classes:

• onboard vehicles;
• dump trucks;
• truck tractors;
• chassis.

It will not be superfluous to note that tractors, buses, special equipment, armored vehicles, engines and spare parts are also produced at KamAZ.

The domestic compact hatchback "Oka" was also developed at the Kama Automobile Plant.

Classification of KamAZ vehicles

Dealing with the technical characteristics and carrying capacity of KamAZ vehicles is, in fact, not as difficult as it seems, since they are all marked according to the industry standard OH 025270-66, which was introduced back in 1966.

It is enough to take any KamAZ car and look at its digital designation - index.

The first digit indicates the total weight of the vehicle:

• 1 - up to 1.2 tons;
• 2 - up to two tons;
• 3 - up to eight tons;
• 4 - up to 14 tons;
• 5 - up to 20 tons;
• 6 - from 20 to 40 tons;
• 7 - from forty tons.

The second digit in the index indicates the scope and type of vehicle:

• 3 - side cars;
• 4 - tractors;
• 5 - dump trucks;
• 6 - tanks;
• 7 - vans;
• 9 - special purpose vehicles.

Knowing the meaning of these indices, one can easily deal with one or another modification, and not only KamAZ, but also ZIL, GAZ, MAZ (ZIL-130 or GAZ-53 were marked according to an earlier classification that was valid until 1966). The first two digits are followed by digital designations of the serial model number, and the modification number is added through a dash.

For example, the very first KamAZ 5320 is an onboard truck, the gross weight of which is between 14 and 20 tons. Gross Weight is the weight of the vehicle with passengers, full tank, fully equipped and payload.

Carrying capacity of KamAZ flatbed trucks

To date, about 20 models of flatbed trucks are being produced, a large number have also been discontinued. Basic models and modifications:

• KAMAZ 4308: gross weight is 11,500 kg, load capacity is five and a half tons. 4308-6037-28, 4308-6083-28, 4308-6067-28, 4308-6063-28 - 5.48 tons;
• KAMAZ 43114: gross weight - 15450 kg, load capacity - 6090 kg. This model has modifications: 43114 027-02 and 43114 029-02. The carrying capacity is the same;
• KAMAZ 43118: 20700/10000 (gross weight/carrying capacity). Modifications: 43118 011-10, 43118 011-13. More modern modifications: 43118-6013-46 and 43118-6012-46 with a carrying capacity of 11.22 tons;
• KAMAZ 4326 - 11600/3275. Modifications: 4326 032-02, 4326 033-02, 4326 033-15;
• KAMAZ 4355 - 20700/10000. This model belongs to the Mustang family and differs in that the cabin is located behind the engine, that is, it has a two-volume layout - a hood protruding forward and the cabin itself;
• KAMAZ 53215 - 19650/11000. Modifications: 040-15, 050-13, 050-15.
• KAMAZ 65117 and 65117 029 (flatbed tractor) - 23050/14000.

Among the flatbed trucks, off-road flatbed vehicles are distinguished into a separate group, which are used for the needs of the army and for working in difficult conditions:

• KamAZ 4310 - 14500/6000;
• KAMAZ 43502 6024-45 and 43502 6023-45 with a load capacity of 4 tons;
• KAMAZ 5350 16000/8000.

Carrying capacity of KamAZ dump trucks

Dump trucks are the largest and most demanded group of KamAZ vehicles, numbering about forty models and their modifications. It is also worth mentioning that there are both dump trucks in the usual sense of the word, and flatbed dump trucks (with folding sides) and therefore there is an index 3 in their marking.

Let's list the basic models.

Flatbed dump trucks:

• KAMAZ 43255 - two-axle dump truck with a side body - 14300/7000 (gross weight / load capacity in kilograms);
• KAMAZ 53605 - 20000/11000.

Dump trucks:

• KamAZ 45141 - 20750/9500;
• KamAZ 45142 - 24350/14000;
• KamAZ 45143 - 19355/10000;
• KAMAZ 452800 013-02 - 24350/14500;
• KAMAZ 55102 - 27130/14000;
• KAMAZ 55111 - 22400/13000;
• KAMAZ 65111 - 25200/14000;
• KAMAZ 65115 - 25200/15000;
• KAMAZ 6520 - 27500/14400;
• KAMAZ 6522 - 33100/19000;
• KAMAZ 6540 - 31000/18500.

Each of the above basic models has a large number of modifications. For example, if we take the base model 45141, then its modification 45141-010-10 is distinguished by the presence of a berth, that is, an increased cabin size.

Load capacity of KamAZ truck tractors

Truck tractors are designed for transportation of semi-trailers of various types: flatbed, tilt, isothermal. The coupling takes place with the help of a kingpin and a saddle, in which there is a hole for fixing the kingpin. The characteristics indicate both the total mass of the semi-trailer that the tractor can pull, and the load directly on the saddle.

Tractors (base models):

• KAMAZ 44108 - 8850/23000 (curb weight and gross weight of the trailer). That is, this tractor can pull a trailer weighing 23 tons. The mass of the road train is also indicated - 32 tons, that is, the weight of the semi-trailer and trailer;
• KAMAZ 54115 - 7400/32000 (road train weight);
• KAMAZ 5460 - 7350/18000/40000 (mass of the tractor itself, semi-trailer and road train);
• KamAZ 6460 - 9350/46000 (road train), saddle load - 16500 kgf;
• KAMAZ 65116 - 7700/15000 kgf / 37850;
• KAMAZ 65225 - 11150/17000 kgf/59300 (road train);
• KAMAZ 65226 - 11850/21500 kgf / 97000 (this tractor can pull almost 100 tons !!!).

Tractors are used for a variety of needs, they are also produced by army order for the transportation of military equipment, which weighs a lot.

Special purpose vehicles KAMAZ

KamAZ chassis have a very wide scope, they are used both for transporting a road train and for installing various equipment on them (cranes, manipulators, onboard platforms, anti-aircraft missile systems, and so on). Among the chassis, we can see platforms based on almost all of the above basic models KamAZ 43114, 43118, 4326, 6520, 6540, 55111, 65111.

There are also KAMAZ shift buses - a specially adapted booth is installed on the tractor chassis. The basic models - KamAZ 4208 and 42111, are designed for 22 seats plus two seats for passengers in the cabin.

KamAZ platforms are also used for many other needs:

• tanks;
• timber trucks;
• concrete mixers;
• transportation of explosives;
• fuel carriers;
• container ships and so on.

That is, we see that the products of the Kama Automobile Plant are in demand in all spheres of life and sectors of the national economy.

In this video, the KAMAZ-a 65201 model raises the body and unloads crushed stone.

Although Russian trucks can hardly be called machines that occupy the first positions in transporting the heaviest loads, they are used very often. The carrying capacity of KamAZ may vary depending on the version of the car.

The first truck of this brand was created on the basis of two ZIL vehicles, and an engine developed by specialists from the Yaroslavl Motor-Building Enterprise was installed in the engine compartment of the new model. The carrying capacity of KamAZ-5320 was 8 tons. Today this machine is stored in the museum of the plant. It is noteworthy that during the first three years of operation, the Kama Automobile Plant was able to produce 100,000 trucks.

Today, the products of this enterprise undoubtedly occupy top positions in the Russian truck engineering market. In the segment of the largest world companies engaged in the production of trucks, KamAZ occupies the 13th line. The plant's engineers are developing not only vehicles designed to transport various goods. They also take an active part in the work on rally projects, where the payload capacity of KamAZ is not of serious importance.

Today's trucks are produced in various versions. Truck tractors, special purpose vehicles, dump trucks and other vehicles are constantly leaving the assembly line. Due to the fact that trucks are highly reliable and unpretentious in maintenance, they are in stable demand.

The wheel formula of the models can also be seriously different. The following options are available: 4x2, 4x4, 6x4, 6x6, and 8x4. 8x4 vehicles provide ample opportunities for transporting various goods. So, the carrying capacity of a KamAZ dump truck can reach 20 tons. With the help of this technique, you can quickly implement various tasks.

KamAZ trucks are simply indispensable in construction, the agricultural industry, as well as modern industry. This technique can easily overcome serious distances, and it performs well in places where there are simply no normal roads. KAMAZ dump trucks with rear unloading are in demand today. Their work is controlled from the cab using a hydraulic drive.

Carrying capacity table for KamAZ vehicles

The carrying capacity of KamAZ varies depending on the modification. This car is not a leader in the transportation of the heaviest loads. However, it is very popular.

In the 60s, the USSR was in dire need of vehicles with a carrying capacity of eight to twenty tons on cheap diesel fuel. Automobile factories of that time could not fill this need. The state leadership decided to build a new specialized enterprise. Naberezhnye Chelny in the Tatar SSR was chosen for the construction of the plant, since two navigable rivers, a good highway and a railway pass through the city. The first car left the main assembly line of the enterprise in mid-February 1976. It was a KamAZ-5320 flatbed truck.

A bit of history of the Kama Automobile Plant

The initial project of the Kama Automobile Plant envisaged the production of 150,000 cars and 250,000 diesel engines per year. Machines were designed to play a significant role in the national economy of the country. The design of the plant was carried out not only by the leading organizations of the USSR, but also by experienced specialists from enterprises in the USA, Germany and France.

It was developed on the basis of two ZIL models using a motor designed at the Yaroslavl Motor Building Plant. The carrying capacity of KamAZ-5320 was 8 tons. He worked for a long time in Bashkortostan, and now he is on a well-deserved rest in the KamAZ factory museum. The company developed rapidly. Three years later, the 100,000th truck rolled off the assembly line. This fact was unprecedented not only for the USSR, but also for world industry.

Driver's workplace

The cab is a standard type, without a berth, fixed on the frame. sprung type. Double, with the function of tilting forward, tilting is carried out by a torsion device. In front of the driver is a steering wheel, a dashboard, and a gear lever on the side. The steering is pretty smooth. The windows are swivel, the windows can be lowered. In recent years, the windshield has been reinforced to protect against damage. The cabin is well insulated and sufficiently isolates the noise from the movement of the car.

perestroika times

The nineties of the twentieth century were difficult for the enterprise, however, as well as for the entire industry.

By the beginning of the 21st century, the leadership of KamAZ, with the support of the governments of Tatarstan and Russia, was able to turn the plant's debt (one million rubles) into shares, which made it possible to restore production and approach a break-even level of existence. Soon the 1,600,000th car left the assembly line. The carrying capacity of KamAZ remained at the same level. In the first year of the new century, the enterprise received a significant profit - about sixty million rubles. became interesting for the largest market players, intensive integration with other companies began.

Advantages of KamAZ trucks

Today, the Kama Automobile Plant is the leader in truck engineering in the Russian Federation and the CIS countries, and also ranks thirteenth in the world in the list of leading manufacturers of heavy trucks. The management and specialists of the enterprise are constantly developing new promising activities and participate in all projects, such as, for example, the trend was originally inherent in KamAZ. So, back in 1975, large-scale tests of road trains from saddle trucks were carried out, the carrying capacity of which was 14.5 tons, and the curb weight was more than 10.5 tons.

Modifications

To date, heavy trucks of the Kama Automobile Building Plant are produced in various versions. These are dump trucks, trucks, special equipment and special-purpose vehicles. The enterprise continues to remain in its niche, which is determined by the carrying capacity of KamAZ. Equipment coming off the assembly line of the enterprise has a different wheel formula: 4*2, 4*4, 6*6, 6*4 and 8*4. The latest cars can carry more cargo. For example, the load capacity of a KamAZ dump truck with an 8 * 4 wheel arrangement is already measured at 25.5 tons. These machines are able to solve large-scale tasks in short periods of time. They are most in demand in construction, industry and agriculture. Their distinguishing characteristics: the ability to overcome long distances, easy to follow off-road, reliability, ease of operation and unpretentiousness. The most demanded dump trucks with rear unloading. They are all-metal, bucket, box-shaped, and are controlled by a hydraulic mechanism from the cab.

Dump truck KAMAZ-5511 - specifications, review, photo, video

KamAZ-5511 is a fairly popular model of a dump truck, which was produced by the Kama Automobile Enterprise. This car was produced for 13 years (1977-1990). KamAZ 5511 dump truck served as one of the first vehicles of the factory, but its use did not stop.

Even today, you can often notice this brand on the roads of the Russian Federation, and not only. The Soviet market did not have a large selection of dump trucks before. This article is a description of KamAZ-5511 dump truck. Here you can find out about the characteristics of KamAZ 5511. The entire model range of KamAZ.

Car history

The beginning of the 1970s marked the "big construction" in the USSR. Based on this, high-quality machines were needed that would be able to function for a long period of time, despite heavy loads. Therefore, they began to develop a model of a dump truck for construction sites. The car differed from similar models with a bright yellow color that was non-standard for other domestic cars.

KamAZ-5511 has good cross-country ability, which makes it much higher than other trucks. The dump truck is not afraid of different climatic conditions, and with the help of the unloading mechanism, it is possible to unload the cargo in a short period of time.

The truck was a solid three-axle structure, which had a 6x4 wheel arrangement. KamAZ 5511 dump truck was distinguished by increased carrying capacity, excellent cross-country ability and versatility. Model 5511 was designed to transport a variety of cargo (including bulk cargo) on various road surfaces.

The presence of the main parts and assemblies made it possible to unify them together with other parts of other products of the automobile plant in Naberezhnye Chelny. On top of that, this car was able to acquire the most modern technical layout of those times. For example, you can highlight the presence of headlights with an asymmetric beam of illumination, which made it possible to reduce the chance of oncoming cars to be blinded.

Body

If we take into account the instruction manual or catalog, then the dump truck had a large welded all-steel body, which can be attributed to the bucket sample. It was also equipped with a special canopy on the cab side to provide additional protection. The specialists decided to expand the stern of the body a little in order to facilitate the possibility of unloading bulk materials.

As an additional option, the body had a special heating system, which functioned with the help of exhaust gases. Moreover, it could prevent the cargo being transported from freezing in cold times. The lifting of the body of the dump truck itself was quite high.

It was fixed in working order with the help of locking pins, which were mounted on the bushings of the tipping brackets. They did not forget to install a specialized safety cable that prevented the body from tipping over.

With the help of a spring, it was possible to ensure the laying of a safety cable into the transport mechanism. The machine differed by the presence of a frame of increased strength. The welded subframe, which was made of transverse beams and stamped steel spars, was connected using ties and brackets.

The tipper hydraulic mechanism includes oil drive, power take-off, control valve, hydraulic cylinder, oil tank, limit valves, pneumatic drive, electric pneumatic valves and oil pump. To raise the body or lower it, it will take no more than 20 seconds.

cabin saloon

This model has a sprung cab, which is fixed on the frame. The KamAZ 5511 cab was designed for a couple of people. It can be folded forward using a torsion device, which is very convenient in order to care for and maintain the power unit. Glasses of triplex type can be lowered and raised, and the windows can be rotated.

The floor together with the wall was covered with noise and heat-insulating material. Do not forget to provide the cabin with heating and ventilation. The cockpit was later able to receive minor changes, for example, there was a 3-layer glass with additional protection against damage.

The driver's seat has also been improved, allowing it to be adjusted to suit the height and weight of each individual driver. The cabin also received a high roof. The car was designed for suburban transportation, so it did not have a berth.

power unit

As a power unit, a 210-horsepower engine, devoid of turbocharging, was installed on the 5511 model. The engine is a four-stroke and operates on diesel fuel, and has at its disposal a V-shaped eight. It has a longitudinal arrangement and is installed in front under the cab.

If we talk about the cooling system, then it is of a closed type, which forces you to constantly and forcibly supply a special liquid (antifreeze). The latter system has a pair of thermostats, and the cooler drive has an automatic hydraulic clutch.

The engine allows you to develop a top speed of 80 km / h. The dump truck consumes about 27 liters of diesel fuel at a speed of 60 km / h according to the passport.

Transmission

The transmission was a 5-speed manual gear-type gearbox, where there was a 2-disk dry clutch. speed has a couple of degrees, which contain the presence of cylindrical and bevel gears. All vehicle configurations have rear wheel drive.

Suspension

The front-mounted suspension has a pair of longitudinal leaf springs with sliding rear ends. There are also fingers with rubber bushings that synchronize the suspension shock absorbers with the dump truck frame. The rear-mounted suspension received a balancer equipment with one axle, which was pressed into its bracket. The rear wheels of the dual type are of the discless type and apply a three-piece pattern.

Brake system

In the role of the brake system, in addition to the main (working), there are three more: spare, auxiliary and parking. All of them operate offline. The main brake mechanism is of a dual-circuit type and is pneumatically controlled, acting separately on the rear bogie and the axle mounted in front.

It can be started by pressing the pedal. If it fails, then with the help of a lever you can turn on the spare system, which functions only on the rear wheels. The parking system is part of it. To unload the main system and cool it, an auxiliary one is required, which uses the presence of a gas-dynamic mechanism in the exhaust device.

The latter is able to shut off the diesel fuel supply, which will entail smooth braking. In addition, the dump truck has an emergency brake release drive. It is clear that there was no talk of any ABS system in the KamAZ 5511 model.

Steering

As a steering assistant, a hydraulic booster is used, which has a plastic gear pump and a spool-type valve.
The pump drive operates from the crankshaft of the power unit. If we talk about the longitudinal thrust of the steering wheel of the car, then it is forged, and the transverse one is full. All of them have ball joints. Specifications

Price and configuration

It is logical that a new model simply cannot be bought, since the car was discontinued in 1990. But on the other hand, the domestic market is simply replete with used models. In terms of pricing, they vary greatly and are determined by the date of production and general condition. So, for example, dump trucks of the mid-1980s will cost about 150,000 - 200,000 rubles.

Most wanted model

To date, the most popular KamAZ model is 65115, the carrying capacity of which is 14.5 tons. It has a wide range of features and powerful equipment. The body volume of this dump truck holds more than ten cubic meters, which allows the machine to easily and quickly solve any construction or industrial tasks. This truck works great with a trailer as part of road trains. Available in various standard modifications, as well as for individual orders. The dump truck has good cross-country ability and works reliably in the most difficult road conditions.

KAMAZ-5511

KamAZ-5511 is a popular dump truck model manufactured by the Kama Automobile Plant. The release of this car was carried out from 1977 to 1990. The truck became one of the debut products of the plant, but its operation continues to this day.

There was never a wide range of dump trucks on the Soviet market. In the 70s, when the country was experiencing a construction boom, high-quality equipment was required that could work for a long time under heavy loads. As a result, the Kama Automobile Plant began developing a truck for construction sites. The debut of KamAZ-5511 took place in 1977. The model differed from its counterparts in a bright yellow color atypical for other Soviet cars.

review

The truck was a solid three-axle structure with a six-by-four wheel formula. The technique was distinguished by a large carrying capacity, good cross-country ability and versatility.

The car was intended for the transportation of various goods (including bulk) on roads with different surfaces. The main parts and components of the model were unified with elements of other products of the Kama Automobile Plant. At the same time, the dump truck received the latest technical solutions of that period.

Among them were headlights with an asymmetric beam of illumination, which reduce the likelihood of dazzling drivers of cars moving towards them.

By 1979, the company had already assembled 10,000 trucks. A year later, an improved modification of the model appeared, called KamAZ-55102.

In the event of a forced stop in the car, an alarm function was provided, which simultaneously turned on all the turn signals in a flashing mode. Some changes have also taken place in the all-metal 2-seater cabin located above the power plant. She received 3-layer glass with additional protection against damage and an improved driver's seat with the possibility of special adjustments based on height and weight.

Vehicle dimensions:

• full length - 7100 mm;
• peak height - 2700 mm;
• width - 2500 mm;
• wheelbase - 2840 mm;
• rear wheel track - 1850 mm;
• front wheel track - 2010 mm;
• rear bogie wheelbase - 1320 mm;
• maximum turning radius - 9000 mm.

The car could accelerate up to 90 km / h and climb up to 25%.

Fuel consumption

The fuel consumption indicator for KamAZ-5511 depended on the season. In winter, for every 100 km, a truck needed 30 liters of fuel, in summer - 27 liters. The volume of the fuel tank of the model was 300 liters.

Engine

The Kama Automobile Plant installed KamAZ-740 engines of its own production in KamAZ-5511. The V-shaped 4-stroke 8-cylinder diesel power plant was distinguished by increased reliability. The unit itself was located longitudinally and in front. The motor received liquid-air cooling and did not have a turbocharger, which somewhat reduced its power performance in comparison with analogues.

Characteristics of the KamAZ-740 unit:

• working volume - 10.85 l;
• rated power - 146 (210) kW (hp);
• maximum torque - 637 Nm;
• rotation speed - 2600 rpm;
• compression ratio - 17.

Device

KamAZ-5511 was equipped with a 2-seater all-metal cab, installed directly above the engine. Access to the power plant was carried out by tilting the cab. In the cabin there was a comfortable sprung driver's seat with many settings and seat belts. The cabin of the car had a high roof. The equipment was intended for suburban transportation and was not equipped with a berth.

The main design features of the car was due to its purpose. KamAZ-5511 was equipped with a large welded all-steel body, belonging to the bucket type. This element was supplied with a special visor from the side of the cab to provide additional protection. The developers slightly expanded the rear part of the body, which made it easier to unload bulk materials. Additionally, a special heating system was installed in the body, which operates due to exhaust gases. It prevented the cargo from freezing during the cold season.

The body of the truck rose quite high. Its fixation in working condition was carried out by means of locking pins mounted on the bushings of the tilting brackets. A special safety cable protected the body from tilting. The spring ensured the laying of the safety cable in the transport configuration.

The car was distinguished by a frame of increased strength. The welded subframe, made of transverse beams and stamped steel spars, was connected to the frame through ties and brackets.

The dumping mechanism was powered by hydraulics and included:

• oil drive;
• power take-off box;
• control crane;
• hydraulic cylinder;
• oil tank;
• restriction valves;
• pneumatic drive;
• electric pneumatic valves;
• oil pump.

The power take-off, which is the main part of the hydraulic drive, included a single-stage mechanism launched directly from the driver's cab through an electro-pneumatic starter.

The lifting mechanism hydraulic cylinder was a 3-stage telescopic design. Its first end was attached to the front of the overframe by means of a hinged connection, the second - at the top of the front side of the body. The limit valve blocked the body from lifting when it reached an angle of 60 degrees. The loaded body was raised in 19 seconds, lowered in 18 seconds.

The model was equipped with a 5-speed manual transmission with a dry 2-disc clutch. All modifications of KamAZ-5511 had rear-wheel drive.

The car received drum front brakes with a separate pneumatic drive. A similar design was typical for the rear brakes. The ABS system on KamAZ-5511 was not provided.

The concept of one of the first Soviet dump trucks turned out to be quite successful. This was confirmed by the long period of production of this model. However, even after the official end of production in 1990, the path of the car did not end. In 1998, on the basis of KamAZ-5511, a new model KamAZ-55111 was created, the production of which was carried out until 2011.

Price of new and used

It will not be possible to purchase the new KamAZ-5511, since the production of the truck ended in 1990. At the same time, used options on the domestic market are quite widely represented. Their cost varies greatly and is determined by the year of manufacture and condition.

Models of the mid-80s will cost 150-200 thousand rubles. Copies of 1989-1990 will cost about 300-400 thousand rubles.

You can rent KamAZ-5511 at a price of 900 rubles per hour.

Analogues

Analogues of KamAZ-5511 include other models of the Kama Automobile Plant (KamAZ-55102 and KamAZ-55111) and MAZ-4370.