GUR MTZ 80 and its device

Adjustment and maintenance of the steering of the tractor MTZ-80/82

Safety, quality of work and fatigue of the driver largely depend on the state of the steering of the MTZ-80, MTZ-82 tractor.
Therefore, the maintenance of the steering must be carried out especially carefully. Maintenance of the steering consists in periodically monitoring the oil level in the hydraulic booster housing and replacing it, lubricating the universal joints of the steering gear, monitoring the condition of the threaded connections of the steering gear and steering rods, bipod and swing arms, fastening the sector, checking and adjusting the free play of the steering wheel.

The steering column of the MTZ-80, 82 tractor must be adjusted in order to eliminate possible vibrations on the steering wheel.

To do this, screw the nut 12 by hand (see Fig. 1) until the latter comes into contact with the sleeve 10. In this case, the gaps in the joints must be selected, Then the nut 12 is unscrewed one and a half turns and countered with the nut 13.

Rice. 1. Steering gear drive MTZ-80, MTZ-82

Steering diagram

The steering consists of:

trapeze;
drive;
the actual steering mechanism;
hydraulic booster (HUR) or hydrostatic system (HSU).

The steering trapezoid is "responsible" for turning the steered wheels at different angles. The mechanism of action is such that the front and rear wheels have a common center of rotation and turn around it. It is located on the continuation of the axis of the rear wheels. When viewed from the side of the bridge, the mechanism really resembles a trapezoid in shape.

The movement of the tractor sets the steering

Structurally, the trapezoid consists of two tie rods interconnected by a bipod, two swing arms and a beam of the front axle. Each rod consists of a connecting pipe and two tips with multidirectional threads (one on the left, the other on the right). The bipod connecting them moves during turns, the extreme positions are limited by the stroke of the power steering piston. When driving in a straight line, the bipod is on the longitudinal axis of the tractor. The handpiece hinges are factory filled with long-term grease and protected from moisture, dust and dirt by a rubber boot and an adjusting plug.

The drive transmits rotation from the steering wheel to the steering mechanism and hydraulic booster. It includes a steering column, a wheel and a system of shafts interconnected by cardan joints. In the cab, the drive is mounted on shock absorbers, which reduces the transmission of vibrations.

The steering wheel is adjustable in height and in the longitudinal plane. This ensures ease of operation and free entry and exit from the cab.

The power steering (GUR) reduces the effort of the tractor driver regardless of the working conditions and increases the maneuverability of the tractor. It greatly facilitates the work with the front and side linkage, which dramatically increases the load on the front wheels. It is indispensable when working with a bucket, dozer blade, etc. The power steering hydraulic system is separate, it consists of a pump, a distributor and a power cylinder, it is also equipped with an automatic rear differential lock sensor.

Be sure to read: Belt on the Neva walk-behind tractor

The control of the MTZ 82 tractor looks like this:

The tractor driver turns the steering wheel (for example, to the right).
Rotation through the drive is transmitted to the worm gear and will stop the flow of oil from the pump to the front and bottom drain grooves.
Under oil pressure from the middle discharge recess, the piston will turn the shaft and fry to the left, and the fry will turn the guide wheels to the right through the steering linkage rods.

The maximum turning angle of the inner wheel is 40°, while the outer wheel turns 30°. The new MTZ 82 control levers are located to the right of the driver, not far from the steering wheel.

Power steering adjustments

In the hydraulic booster, the following are regulated : the "worm" - sector engagement, the "sector - rail" engagement, the tightening of the worm nut, the axial stroke of the rotary shaft, the safety valve, and the control of the differential lock valve.

To adjust the " worm-sector " engagement, loosen the bolt 5 (fig. *), insert the key into the groove of the bushing flange, turn the bushing 6 clockwise (along the tractor) until it stops at the middle position of the bipod 18, then turn counterclockwise by 10 -12 mm. on the outside diameter of the flange. Tighten bolt 5, start the diesel engine and make sure that there are no jams when turning the steering wheel in both directions until it stops.

If necessary, increase the engagement clearance by turning the bushing counterclockwise until it is no longer binding.

To adjust the " sector - rail " engagement, reduce the thickness of the set of shims 24 (Fig. *) under the stop flange 23 until a gap of 0.1-0.3 mm is obtained. between the stop and the rail. When checking the gap, press the rail against the sector.

The spherical screw nut 30 tightens the thrust bearings 28 (Fig. *). Proper tightening of the thrust bearings is essential for the normal operation of the hydraulic booster. Overtightening the nut can cause spool misalignment and uneven turning force. Before tightening the nut, secure the distributor with two bolts, after placing washers under the bolt heads to the thickness of the cover flange (fig. below). Tighten the worm nut to a torque of 2 kgf * m (20 N * m), unscrew it by 1/12 - 1/10 of a turn until the hole in the worm aligns with the slot for the nut cotter pin and cotter pin the nut. Turn out two bolts of fastening of the distributor to the case, establish a cover and securely fasten the distributor.

Installing the distributor and tightening the worm spherical nut

spherical nut
washer
creeper
mounting washers
bolts

To adjust the axial stroke of the rotary shaft 21 (Fig. *), loosen the lock nut 12, screw the adjusting bolt 10 into the end of the shaft until it stops, then unscrew it by 1/8 - 1/10 of a turn and lock it with the lock nut.

To adjust the safety valve, instead of plug 1, connect a pressure gauge with a scale of at least 100 kgf/cm 2 (10 MPa) into the discharge line or into the valve cover. Turn the steering wheel all the way, give the diesel engine maximum speed and turn the adjusting screw 3 of the safety valve until the pressure gauge shows a pressure of 88 kgf / cm 2 (8.8 MPa). After adjusting the valve, lock the cap with wire. Adjustment is carried out at an oil temperature of 50 + - 5 °C.

Check the steering wheel free play when the diesel engine is running and the tractor is parked. The free play should in this case be no more than 20°. With increased free play, check the play in the connections of the steering gear, tighten the nuts for fastening the bipod, sector and swing arms, adjust the swivel joints of the steering rods, check the tightening of the worm nut, the “worm-sector”, “sector-rack” engagements and the axial travel of the hydraulic booster rotary shaft .

Possible malfunctions

Problem: Too much steering wheel play when the engine is running.

Cause: Worn steering shaft connections. It is also possible that the gaps in the gearing of the power steering gear, ball pins and steering rods are also increased, and the bearings of the worm mechanism on the shaft are also weakened.

Solution: Check the condition of the mechanism parts and rods, replace the worn parts. Backlash is checked by a special device with a dynamometer. The dynamometer of the device is placed on the steering wheel, and the pointer is on the column. Next, the steering wheel is turned in both directions until the gaps in the hinges of the rods and the engagement of the steering mechanism completely disappear. The indicator should not exceed 35 ° and ideally should be in the range of 25-30 °. Next, determine the force on the rim of the steering wheel. To do this, it is necessary to fold the traction from the bipod, start the engine and, at the maximum crankshaft speed, pull the dynamometer handle towards you. The result should be within 30-50 N. If the steering play is higher than the permissible value, it is necessary to adjust the mechanism and eliminate the gaps. In the gear clutch, it is necessary to unscrew the locking bolt and move the adjusting sleeve. The gap should be within 0.1-0.3 mm. In the power steering shaft, replace the differential lock sensor flange gaskets.

Steering diagram

Problem: You need to apply a lot of force when turning the tractor.

Reason : lack of oil in the tank, problems with its supply or incorrect operation of the safety valve.

Repair

Most of the MTZ components and assemblies are quite subject to disassembly "on the knee" in the field, however, steering adjustment must be carried out in the garage using special instruments and tools. Most breakdowns can be avoided with proper maintenance.

Steering maintenance consists of the following steps:

Regular oil check.
Monitoring of leaks in the power steering connections and the condition of the threaded connections of the steering gear, rods, bipod, swing arms, etc.
Lubrication of the universal joints of the drive every 960 hours.
Oil change and oil filter flush every 960 hours.
Check and, if necessary, adjust the free play of the steering wheel.

All operations are recommended to be performed after every 960-1000 hours of tractor operation. It is recommended to check the oil before starting each shift.

Steering column MTZ

The oil filter is flushed as follows:

Disconnect the oil line from the cap and pressure relief valve.
Unscrew the cover bolts, screw two of them into the threaded holes, lift and remove the top cover.
Remove the two remaining oil lines and carefully unscrew the valve until the filter can be removed.
Thoroughly wash the filter in gasoline or diesel fuel inside and out.
Tighten the sector fastening nut and check the engagement gap with the rail (should be no more than 0.3 mm). If necessary, adjust the engagement, for which you need to unscrew the four mounting bolts and remove the gaskets in pairs, thereby reducing the gap.
Install filter.
After installing the cover, unscrew the lock nut and completely tighten the bolt that regulates the axial movement of the rotary shaft.

Be sure to read: Transport tax is not canceled

Device and principle of operation

The cast-iron body of the GUR MTZ 80 (82) is located on the front beam of the frame between the front front wall of the hood and the diesel cooling radiator of the machine. The unit is a mechanism with a worm gear, equipped with an autonomous hydraulic system with a spool for controlling the flow of working fluid, a left-hand gear hydraulic pump NSh-10-L-U GOST 8753-71, a double-acting power cylinder and a safety valve. The hydraulic pump of the system is driven from the engine timing gear.

A worm is installed in the amplifier housing, connected by turns with the sector and its end part with the spool of the assembly distributor. At the ends of the spool there are thrust bearings, against which the plungers rest under spring pressure. At the same time, the outer sides of the plungers rest against the body parts of the distributor. Plungers and springs through bearings hold the spool in the neutral position. When the steering wheel is rotated, the worm begins to move the sector in turns, turning the bipod shaft. The resulting resistance of the wheels is transmitted through the mechanism to the worm, forming a force that moves it in the axial direction forward or backward, depending on the direction of rotation. With its displacement, the worm interacts with the spool of the distributor of the assembly, moving it relative to the axis. Thus, the spool controls the oil flows under pressure. When moving straight, the distributor spool, spring-loaded by springs, is in a neutral position, the pressure supplied by the pump is discharged into the booster housing, which is the hydraulic tank of the system.

By rotating the steering wheel, the worm moves the spool, which opens the lines of the cavities of the power cylinder with its belts. In this case, depending on the side of the turn, one cavity is connected to the line supplying oil under pressure, the other to the drain. The spool drops pressure into the cylinder cavity only during direct rotation of the steering wheel. When the steering wheel stops, the worm ceases to act on the distributor spool, which, under the force of the springs, occupies a neutral position, dumping oil into the drain cavity.

The piston of the cylinder 25 interacts through the rod with the rack 14 connected with the sector 12 . When pressure is applied by the spool to one of the cavities, the rod transfers force to the rail of the moving sector, facilitating the rotation of the shaft 28 associated with the bipod 13 . The working pressure in the hydraulic system is 2-4 MPa. Turning the steering wheel to the maximum angle of rotation - the pressure reaches its maximum value of 8 MPa and is limited by the safety valve 7 .

The driver's "feeling of the road" feeling of resistance to turning during control is provided by pressure from the discharge channel in the cavities with springs acting on the plunger. When driving without effort, the worm does not interact with the spool and the hydraulic system does not participate in the amplification.

Additionally, the unit is equipped with a differential auto-lock sensor located in the rail stop. The device includes a spool 21 , a rotary valve 18 with a flywheel, a pusher and a probe 20 . An unregulated pressure reducing valve maintains a pressure of 0.7-0.9 MPa in the blocking hydraulic system. The device provides a differential lock when driving straight and automatically turns it off when the wheels turn more than 8 ̊.

Steering of the MTZ-82 tractor

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Maintenance of the drive of the steering mechanism MTZ-82 Maintenance of the drive of the steering mechanism consists in periodic checking of the tightening of the threaded connections. To ensure a minimum level of vibration on the steering wheel, adjust the MTZ-82 steering column as follows: - remove cover 5 (Fig. 61); - loosen clamp 4 and remove steering wheel 6; - Loosen locknut 3; — screw the nut 2 until it touches the sleeve 1 so that the gaps in the joints are selected; — unscrew nut 2 by 1.5 turns and lock with lock nut 3. — install steering wheel 6, adjusting its position in height. Flushing the drain oil filter of the GUR MTZ-82 Belarus To flush the oil filter, do the following (Fig. 62): - lift the lining; — disconnect the oil lines 7, 13 and 15, unscrew the bolts 5 securing the cover 6 to the body, using two dismantling bolts remove the cover; — unscrew the pressure reducing valve 11 and remove the drain filter 9; - wash the filter in a washing solution; - tighten the nut 8 of the rotary shaft; - install the filter and perform the operations in the reverse order of disassembly; - at the same time adjust the axial play of the steering shaft, for which: loosen the lock nut 1 and screw the adjusting bolt 2 until it stops at the end of the shaft, then unscrew it by 1/8-1/10 of a turn and lock it with the lock nut 1.

Filling, checking the level and changing the oil Check the level, top up the oil according to the recommendations of the lubrication chart. It is strictly forbidden to operate the Belarus MTZ-82 tractor if the oil level is below the lower mark on the oil gauge 4 (Fig. 62). Flush the fill filter when changing the oil.

After changing the oil, start the diesel engine and turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times, check the oil level again and, if necessary, top up to the top mark of the oil gauge. Adjustment of the rear axle differential lock control (MTZ-82 tractors with power steering) For normal operation of the differential lock control, correctly adjust the mutual position of the handle 4 (Fig. 51) and the lock sensor valve 1, for which: - fasten the free end of the cable 2 in the latch with screw 3 , while the end of the cable should protrude beyond the latch by 5-10 mm, no more; — set handle 4 to position I (see pos. 3 in Fig. 3a). Tension the cable until the crane turns and fix the coupling with screws 3; - bring the second clamp close to the coupling and fix it with a screw. To check the correctness of the adjustment, set the handle to position II, while the risk on tap 1 should coincide with the risk “on.” on the sensor cover. The handle and the valve must return to position I from positions II and III under the action of a spring.

MTZ-82 steering malfunctions Belarus Steering MTZ-82 with power steering "Heavy" steering Oil foaming in the booster system due to: - insufficient oil in the booster housing - Check the oil level, top up if necessary to the required level. - Air ingress into the system - Check the suction line and repair leaks. Relief valve out of adjustment - Adjust valve. Increased oil leakage in the pump - Replace the pump. Stuck in worm-sector engagement - Adjust engagement. Increased vibration of the steering wheel - Adjust. Increased instability of the front wheels Loose worm nut - Adjust the nut. Increased play in the conical bearings of the front wheels or in the steering rod joints, the convergence of the front wheels is broken - Adjust. Sector bipod mounting nuts or pivot arms loose - Tighten nuts. Increased axial travel of stub shaft - Adjust. Increased free play of the steering wheel (more than 25 °) Increased clearance in the engagement "worm-sector" - Adjust the clearance. Increased play in the cardan joints of the steering wheel drive - Replace worn parts. Worm nut loose - Adjust. Hydrostatic steering MTZ-82 (HSC) Increased force on the steering wheel Insufficient oil pressure in the HSC hydraulic system. Feed pump defective - Send for repair or replace pump. Insufficient amount of oil in the oil tank - Add oil. Wedging of the splined shank of the cardan of the steering column in the drive shaft of the metering pump - Determine the places of wedging and eliminate. Increased friction between the mechanical parts of the steering column or FDA gearbox - Eliminate. Lack of stop when turning the steering wheel Insufficient amount of oil in the tank - Top up and bleed the system. Worn swing cylinder seals - Replace. Spontaneous rotation of the steering wheel when the operator's influence is removed from it Failure to return the spool of the dosing pump to "neutral". - wedging of the splined shank of the cardan of the steering column in the drive shaft of the metering pump - Determine the location of the wedging and eliminate it. - increased friction between the mechanical parts of the steering column - Eliminate. Inconsistency of rotation of the guide wheels with the direction of rotation of the steering wheel Incorrect connection of the cylinder outputs of the dosing pump to the rotation cylinder - Change the connection. MTZ-82 steering adjustment parameters Toe-in of the front wheels, mm — 0-8 Steering wheel free play with the diesel engine running, no more than, deg — 25 Oil pressure in the power steering, limited by a safety valve, kgf / cm2 (MPa) — 90 ± 5 (9.0 ± 0.5) 100 ±5 (10 ±0.5) for MTZ-82R Gap between stop and end face of hydraulic booster rail (adjustable by gaskets), mm — 0.1 -0.3 Axial clearance in guide wheel bearings , mm - 0.08 - 0.2 Tightening torque: - rear wheel nuts, KGS / M (Nm) - 56-62 (560-620) - spherical nut of the hydraulic booster worm 12-1 / 10 turns) - 2 (20) - nuts for fastening the bipod of the power steering - 28 - 32 (280 - 320) - coupling bolts for fastening the cover and body of the power steering hydraulic cylinder - 6 (60) - nuts for the front wheels - 20-25 ( 200-250) - nuts for fastening discs to the rims of the front wheels - 18-24 (180-240)

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Service and adjustments MTZ-82

Controls and instruments
Work with agricultural machines
Maintenance of diesel D-243
Clutch adjustments
Steering
Tractor brakes Belarus
PTO shaft
Front axle
Front drive axle repair
Hydraulic system and rear linkage
electrical equipment
Maintenance

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Operation and service of MTZ-82.1, 80.1, 80.2, 82.2

Controls and instruments
Gearbox and PTO control
Rear linkage control
Cabin elements
Elements of electrical equipment
Clutch
Transmission
Gearbox and creeper control
Reverse gear
Rear axle of Belarus tractor
Rear axle differential lock
Rear PTO
Tractor brakes Belarus
Pneumatic system
FDA with bevel wheel reduction gears
FDA with planetary spur wheel reduction gears
FDA drive
Running system
Hydrostatic steering
Power steering
Hydraulic hitch system
Rear linkage adjustments
Cabin Belarus
Maintenance
Engine maintenance
Transmission maintenance
Service maintenance of PVM
Hydraulic system and steering service
Front axle maintenance
Maintenance of pneumatic system and brakes

Repair MTZ-80

Cylinder head repair
Repair of piston group D-240
Fuel equipment repair
Starter motor repair
Steering repair
Front axle repair
Clutch and reduction gear repair
Gearbox repair
Rear axle repair
PTO repair
Rear linkage hydraulic system repair
Repair of electrical equipment

Maintenance and operation of MTZ-1221

Control and instruments
Transmission
Clutch
Maintenance of the D-260 engine
rear axle
Service brakes
Pneumatic equipment
PTO
Front drive axle
Mounted hydraulic system
Electronic rear linkage control
Rear hitch
Steering

Maintenance and operation of MTZ-320

Controls and instruments
diesel engine
Clutch and gearbox
rear axle
brakes
Rear PTO
Front drive axle
Steering
Attachment and hitch
Hydraulic system
electrical equipment
Aggregation

Operation and service of tractors

Block crankcase and crank mechanism
Gas distribution mechanism
Diesel engine power system
Tractor engine control system
Tractor engine cooling system
Diesel starting system
Tractor power transmissions
Tractor transmission T-150, T-150K
Drive axles of wheeled and caterpillar tractors
Chassis and steering of the tractor
Chassis and steering of wheeled tractors

Adjustments

The node is configured in good condition. Its correctness is an important factor in the efficient operation of the amplifier and the preservation of the operating life. The adjustment is divided into setting the clearances of the mechanical pairs and the stroke of the spool.

Worm-sector engagement

The adjustment is made in good condition of the steering rods and steering drive joints, the steering wheel free play should not exceed 30 ̊ with the engine running.

The front axle of the tractor is jacked up or the bipod is disconnected from the steering rods.
Loosen the adjusting eccentric bushing bolt.
Turn the sleeve clockwise until the worm stops in maximum engagement with the sector.
With the engine running, turning the steering wheel determines the engagement position without feeling jammed, increasing the clearance by turning the bushing counterclockwise.
Tighten the bushing mounting bolt, remove the bridge from the jack or connect the bipod to the steering rods.

Tightening the spherical screw nut

Tightening the nut eliminates the gap between the spool and the bearing races, resulting from wear or loosening. The appearance of a gap is reflected in an increase in the free play of the steering wheel and the appearance of the effect of dangling of the steering wheels. When backlash appears, the spool can arbitrarily connect the cylinder cavities to lines with oil pressure.

The bolts securing the distributor to the amplifier housing are unscrewed.
Remove the cover and mount the distributor on two bolts placed diagonally 5 . The thickness of the cover flange is compensated by the substrate of washers 4 or nuts of large diameter under the bolt heads.
Then the adjusting nut 1 and tightened until the spool stops in the bearing cages. Tightening is carried out with a force of 20 Nm.
Unscrewing the spherical nut until the first coincidence of the hole on the worm shaft, the nut is cottered.
The set bolts with washers are dismantled and the cover with the gasket is installed, tightening with four bolts in the normal mode.

Proper tightening ensures that the spool fits snugly against the bearing races and ensures that the spool returns to the neutral position under the action of the springs when the steering wheel stops turning. Excessive tightening increases the force on the steering wheel and leads to rapid wear of the distributor thrust bearings.

Gearing adjustment sector - rail

The gap in the sector-rail engagement of the piston rod of the cylinder is regulated by the number of spacers between the amplifier housing and the rail stop. A sufficient gap of 0.25-0.3 mm ensures the operation of the pair without jamming.

Uniformity of the stroke of the spool

The stroke of the spool is regulated by gaskets between the amplifier body and the distributor, the distributor and the cover of the spherical nut. In case of insufficient reinforcement of the turn to the left, an additional gasket of 0.5-1 mm is installed between the column body and the distributor, if the reinforcement to the right is not enough, a gasket is installed under the cover of the spherical nut. Thus, the amplitude of the stroke of the spool is equalized to the left - to the right.

System pressure

The pressure setting of the safety valve 7 is carried out by changing the compression of the spring. Turning the valve screw increases the compression of the spring and, accordingly, the maximum working pressure of the booster hydraulic system.

Steering MTZ-80, 82

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The steering of the MTZ-80, 82 tractor is used to change and save the selected direction of movement.

The main way to change the direction of movement is to turn the front guide wheels in a horizontal plane relative to the rear ones. The steering control must provide the correct turning kinematics and driving safety, low efforts on the steering wheel, and also prevent the transfer of shock from uneven surfaces to the steering wheel. The steering mechanism increases the driver's effort applied to the steering wheel and improves steering precision.

Thanks to this, it is possible to control the tractor when the hydraulic booster is not working, for example, during a sudden stop of the engine, which increases traffic safety. The hydraulic booster (GUR) facilitates control and increases the safety of its movement.

The hydraulic booster MTZ-80, 82, using the energy of the engine to turn and hold the wheels, improves the maneuverability of the tractor and provides control in difficult conditions, for example, in case of sudden tire damage.

When driving on uneven and difficult terrain, the hydraulic booster reduces shock loads in the steering, reducing the likelihood of damage to it and increasing steering safety. Steering MTZ-82, 80 consists of a steering gear and a drive. Through the steering mechanism, the force applied to the steering wheel is transmitted to the steering gear.

The steering drive transfers forces from the steering mechanism to the steered wheels. The steering is mechanical with hydraulic booster. The steering mechanism and hydraulic booster with automatic differential lock sensor form a common unit and are located in the front of the tractor.

Therefore, the steering gear drive is designed to transfer force from the steering wheel to the steering mechanism and hydraulic booster. Maintenance of the drive of the steering mechanism of the tractor MTZ-80, 82

Fig.1. Maintenance of the drive of the steering mechanism MTZ-82, 80 The steering drive transfers the efforts of the driver and the hydraulic booster to the steered wheels, ensuring their rotation at mutually different angles.

Maintenance of the steering gear drive consists in periodically checking the tightness of the threaded connections.

To ensure a minimum level of vibration on the steering wheel, adjust the steering column as follows:

— remove cover 5 (Fig. 1); loosen clamp 4 and remove steering wheel 6;

- Loosen locknut 3;

— screw the nut 2 until it touches the sleeve 1 so that the gaps in the joints are selected;

— unscrew nut 2 by 1.5 turns and lock with lock nut 3.

- install the steering wheel 6, adjusting its position in height. Flushing the power steering drain oil filter of the MTZ-80, 82 tractor

Fig.2. Flushing the drain oil filter GUR MTZ-80, 82 To flush the oil filter, do the following (Fig. 2):

- lift the lining;

— disconnect the oil lines 7, 13 and 15, unscrew the bolts 5 securing the cover 6 to the body, using two dismantling bolts remove the cover;

— unscrew the pressure reducing valve 11 and remove the drain filter 9;

- wash the filter in a washing solution;

- tighten the nut 8 of the rotary shaft;

- install the filter and perform the operations in the reverse order of disassembly;

- at the same time adjust the axial play of the steering shaft, for which: loosen the lock nut 1 and screw the adjusting bolt 2 until it stops at the end of the shaft, then unscrew it by 1/8-1/10 turn and lock it with the lock nut 1. Filling, checking the level and changing the oil

Check the level, add oil according to the recommendations of the lubrication chart. It is strictly forbidden to operate the tractor if the oil level is below the lower mark on the oil gauge 4 (Fig. 2).

Flush the fill filter when changing the oil.

After changing the oil, start the diesel engine and turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times, check the oil level again and, if necessary, top up to the top mark of the oil gauge.
Steering malfunctions MTZ-80.82
The installation of power steering boosters (GUR) in the hydraulic system of the MTZ-82, 80 tractor is caused by the need to reduce the effort to turn, reduce tractor driver fatigue, improve traffic safety and the quality of work performed. The steering hydraulic system includes an oil tank, a high pressure pump, a distributor with spool devices, a power cylinder, fittings and pipelines. Tractors are equipped with hydraulic power steering (GUR) of monoblock design. With a monoblock design of the hydraulic steering system, the pump supplies the working fluid to the spool valve of the power steering, in which a double-acting power cylinder is mounted.

The force from the piston of the power cylinder through the rack and sector is transmitted to the vertical shaft and bipod, which is connected to the front axle swivel wheels through a transverse link.

The main regulating body of the hydraulic system of rotation is the distributor of the steering gear. Malfunctions of the hydraulic steering system MTZ-82, 80 The quality of the work performed by the tractor unit, traffic safety largely depend on the technical condition of the units of the hydraulic steering system.

When the oil in the hydraulic system is warm, the rotation of the steering wheel should be smooth, without jerks and without applying significant effort.

A large free play of the steering wheel when the diesel engine is running indicates wear on the steering gear shaft joints, increased clearance in the gearing of the power steering gear. First, check the technical condition of the connecting parts of the steering mechanism, steering rods and eliminate gaps, replace parts or adjust.

A device is used to determine the clearances in the gear or worm gears of the steering gear, as well as the forces on the steering wheel rim. It is installed on the steering wheel, and the pointer is on the steering column. By rotating the steering wheel in both directions to eliminate the gaps in the steering rod joints, the engagement of the steering mechanism, the free play of the steering wheel is determined.

The nominal free play must be within 25 ... 30, the permissible one is 35. Using the device, you can simultaneously determine the force on the steering wheel rim.

To do this, disconnect the steering rods from the bipod, start the diesel engine and, at the maximum speed of the crankshaft, pull the handle of the dynamometer of the device. The position of the locking ring on the opposite handle determines the force of free rotation of the steering mechanism.

The force on the wheel rim should be in the range of 30 ... 50 N. If the free play exceeds the allowable values, the mechanisms are adjusted. Rice. 1. Adjustment of the free play of the power steering shaft MTZ-80, 82 1 - limb protractor; 2— bolt; 3— eccentric sleeve; 4 - mounting blade Gaps in the gearing (worm - sector) (Fig. 1) are eliminated by turning the adjusting sleeve 3, after unscrewing the locking bolt 2.

If the free play of the power steering shaft has decreased slightly, remove the housing cover and check the gap between the stop and the rail with a feeler gauge.

It is regulated by gaskets of the flange of the differential lock sensor. Then the engagement of the worm - sector is again regulated, achieving a minimum free play and free, without jamming, rotation of the worm. Dismantling, assembly and adjustment operations performed during the repair of the MTZ-82, 80 power steering are complex and require the use of control and testing equipment after final assembly.

For hydraulic boosters, to replace the worm and sector, remove the top cover of the hydraulic booster housing and remove the vertical shaft assembly with the sector.

Then, having removed the cover of the distributor housing, the worm assembly with the distributor housing is removed from the eccentric sleeve. To replace the worm, unpin and unscrew the castellated nut and remove the worm shaft from the distributor housing.

If the worm ball bearings have significant radial clearance, they should be replaced. When replacing a sector, it is pressed from the shaft with a two-arm puller. A new sector is installed by aligning the mark on the end of the spline of the vertical shaft with the mark on the spline cavity of the sector.

When installing a vertical shaft in the power steering housing, the marks on the middle tooth of the sector and the rack cavity are combined. In the power steering, the piston seals and the power cylinder rod are easy to replace.

To do this, unscrew the nuts of the fastening studs and remove the front cover, and then the sleeve of the power cylinder. If it is necessary to replace the rod seals, remove the piston and the back cover of the power cylinder.

When assembling the power cylinder, the piston is first installed in the sleeve. Then the sleeve together with the piston is put on the rod and the groove of the back cover. The piston nut is tightened to a torque of 120 Nm.

The final operations of assembling the power steering are to adjust the axial movement of the vertical shaft and the gap between the worm and the sector. The gap between the worm and the sector is regulated by an eccentric sleeve 3 (see Fig. 1). To measure the free play of the worm shaft, you can use a simple device - protractor 1 with a dial printed on it.

Loosen the pre-bolt 2 for fixing the eccentric sleeve and with a wrench slightly turn the worm shaft in both directions. On the dial mark the angle of free play of the worm shaft. It should be no more than 6 °. The free play (the gap in the engagement of the worm - the sector) is regulated by the eccentric sleeve, turning it through the slot with a mounting spatula or a screwdriver.

Sometimes the free play decreases, but the effort of turning the steering wheel increases. This indicates a violation of the geometric shapes of the teeth of the sector and the worm (due to their wear). In this case, the sector and the worm must be replaced.

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Other special equipment

MTZ-80

Creeper MTZ-80, 82
The design of the chassis of the MTZ-80 tractor
Gearbox MTZ-80
Clutch MTZ-80, 82
Maintenance and adjustment of the MTZ-80.82 checkpoint
Starting engine PD-10
Transfer box MTZ-80
Adjustment of driving axles MTZ-80, 82
Steering gear and power steering MTZ-80, 82
The device of the brake system MTZ-80, 82
PTO MTZ-80, 82

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YaMZ-236

Components of the cylinder block YaMZ-236 NE2, BE2
Clutch YaMZ-181,182,183
Clutch discs YaMZ-236, 238
Crankshaft and piston group YaMZ-236
Gearbox YaMZ-236
Diagnostics and adjustment of the YaMZ-236 engine
Fuel supply and lubrication of the YaMZ-236 diesel engine
Clutch YaMZ-236
HPFP and injectors YaMZ-236

YaMZ-238

Cylinder block and piston group YaMZ-238
Crankshaft and timing diesel YaMZ-238
Checkpoint YaMZ-238
Cooling and lubrication of YaMZ-238 diesel
Clutch YaMZ-238
High pressure fuel pump YaMZ-238

T-130

Onboard clutches T-130
Onboard gearbox T-130
Diesel D-160 tractor T-130
Undercarriage T-130
T-130 tractor turning mechanism
Assembly and installation of T-130 carts
Servomechanism of onboard clutches T-130
Clutch tractor T-130
Clutch and mountain brake control mechanism Т-130

T-170

Engine D-180 bulldozer T-170
Hydraulic system of bulldozer T-170
Bulldozer hydraulic cylinder T-170, 130
Repair of the main gear of the bulldozer T-170, 130
Caterpillars and rollers T-170, 130
Carrying and running system T-170
Assembly of T-170, 130 checkpoint units
Tension mechanism and track roller T-170, 130
Bulldozer equipment T-170 with a rotary blade
Clutch adjustment T-170
T-170 Bulldozer Transmission Details

KRAZ

Gearbox KRAZ-255, 260
Steering Kraz-250, 255
Drive axle and cardan shafts Kraz-255, 260
Clutch Kraz-250, 260
Kraz car power steering
Kraz car suspension
Transfer case Kraz
Kraz power take-off
Kraz-6510, 65055 car brake system
Cardan drive and drive axles Kraz-6510, 65055
Front suspension of Kraz-6510, 65055 cars
Steering KRAZ-6510, 65055
Clutch Kraz-6510, 65055

Faults and repairs

The first criterion that affects the efficiency of the assembly is the tightness of all hydraulic system seals that maintain the working pressure of the fluid, which provides force on the working bodies. Elimination of oil leakage and pressure loss is achieved by replacing all rubber seals, sealing rings and gaskets included in the complete GUR repair kit.

The serviceability of the joints of the mechanical drive, the adjustment of the gearing of the worm gear and the piston rail with the sector ensure the operation of the mechanism without jamming.

The reason for the tight steering, with good tightness of the system and a sufficient oil level, may be poor compression of the power piston of the booster cylinder or insufficient travel of the distributor spool, which does not allow opening the discharge line to the cylinder cavities.