Combine harvester Yenisey KZS 950

Combine harvester Yenisey KZS 950 represents the Ruslan family of combines. The model is considered one of the most common in the country and is a 4-time winner of the annual exhibition held at the All-Russian Exhibition Center. For a long time, Yenisei KZS 950 remained the only representative of class 4 combines that were mass-produced.

The combine was developed by specialists from the Krasnoyarsk combine plant, which since 2003 has been part of the Agromashholding organization. The predecessor of the technique is the Yenisei 1200-1M modification, which was considered basic for a long time. In the process of modernization, the main components that affect the productivity of the machine were redone, and the working conditions of the operator improved. The most successful elements (cleaning system, reinforced drive axle, hydraulic transmission) were retained by the Yenisei KZS 950 model. For the novelty, a symmetrical layout was chosen relative to the longitudinal axis (the bunker, cab and driver's platform were located symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the thresher). The harvester also received an improved YaMZ diesel engine. At the same time, the technological process of production remained the same, so the high quality of the product was maintained.

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The first versions of Yenisey KZS 950 were introduced in 1999. After a series of tests and shows in the spring of 2003, mass production of the model began.

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Currently, the assembly of the Yenisei KZS 950 is carried out at several enterprises: the Chuvash, Belotserkovsky combine plant and the Volgograd tractor plant. The highest quality cars are those produced in Krasnoyarsk.

Yenisey KZS 950 is the basic model that is used as the basis for creating new harvesters. The equipment has repeatedly confirmed its quality at the state level.

Yenisey KZS 950 is used for a series of simultaneous actions: cutting, threshing grain crops, harvesting the non-grain component of the crop and cleaning the fine straw heap. The presence of several modes of cleaning and operation of the threshing device allows the combine to harvest seed plants of grasses, oilseeds and legumes. When installing the pick-up Yenisey KZS 950 allows you to pick up shafts of plant mass in case of separate harvesting.

Specifications

Overall dimensions in transport condition:

• length - 16860 mm;
• width - 3490 mm;
• height - 4000 mm.

Overall dimensions in working order:

• length - 10010 mm;
• width - 5270 mm;
• height - 4000 mm.

Working parameters:

• harvester width - 4900 mm;
• thresher width - 1200 mm;
• cleaning area - up to 3.6 sq.m;
• bunker capacity - 5.2 cubic meters.

The weight of the combine is 10705 kg.

Equipment quality indicators:

• grain losses behind the header - 1.04%;
• grain loss behind the thresher - 0.33%;
• grain crushing - 1.1%;
• weediness - 3%;
• productivity - about 9500 kg per hour of working time;
• unloading device capacity - up to 2000-2500 kg/min;
• the quality of straw crushing into fractions is 95% (up to 200 mm) and 5% (more than 200 mm).

The reliability coefficient for the implementation of the main technological process of the model is 1.0. According to key characteristics, the harvester meets Russian agrotechnical requirements. Average labor intensity - 0.33 people / hour.

Equipment can move on public roads. The maximum transport speed is 25 km/h, the maximum working speed is 10 km/h.

Engine

The Yenisei KZS 950 received a modernized four-stroke diesel engine of the YaMZ 236DK-5 model, which was mounted on an underframe. Fuel injection was carried out directly, which indicated the absence of turbocharging. The cooling process took place in a liquid way. For this, 3 radiators were used: 2 oil and 1 water device.

YaMZ 236DK-5 had 6 cylinders arranged in a V-shape. The main shaft distributed the force in 2 directions. In one direction, the power went to the clutch and chopper, in the other - to the pumps, fans and grain unloading auger. The transmission moment was provided by belts. At the same time, the technical side of the main elements of the motor has not undergone major changes.

Technical characteristics of the YaMZ 236DK-5 engine:

• working volume - 11.15 l;
• rated power - 136 (185) kW (hp);
• rated speed - 2000 rpm;
• cylinder diameter - 130 mm.

Specific fuel consumption was 220 k/kWh. The capacity of the fuel tank was 300 liters.

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Device and service features

Yenisey KZS 950 is a self-propelled harvester of the fourth class. The undercarriage of the equipment has increased reliability. The drive wheels are flanged and equipped with low pressure pneumatic tyres. The model is equipped with a reinforced bridge MVG-12, which is controlled hydraulically. The bridge itself consists of a beam, left and right axle shafts, a gearbox, a hydraulic motor, final drives and couplings. Disc brakes are installed on the final drives, controlled by their own hydraulic drive. At the driven wheels, the bridge includes a lever-type steering trapezoid mechanism, due to which the rotation is carried out, and a bridge beam, connected by means of hinges to the shank of the threshing frame. Such a mechanism assumes free movement along the vertical. For stability, the beam is equipped with rubber swing stops that allow you to move safely and comfortably over bumps and slopes.

The Yenisey KZS 950 model is equipped with a hydraulic transmission with an axial plunger pump controlled by a lever located on the platform. The 4-speed gearbox is mounted on the bridge beam. Inside the transmission are shafts with movable gears, through which the speed is selected by moving back or forward. The lever holding the pins in the neutral position engages with the fork. Several interlock systems ensure the safety of operation, excluding spontaneous switching off of the ranges, simultaneous switching on of 2 speeds, starting the engine with the gear engaged. The operator can switch the speed only by pressing the blocking pedal of the hydraulic drive.

The hydraulic system includes the main hydraulic system and the steering system, supplemented by a common oil tank. The first is used to raise or lower the header and reel, disengage header drive, and select reel and threshing drum speed. Also, through it, the unloading auger is controlled, the reel is extended, the stacker is opened and closed, and the thresher clutch is engaged. Plunger and piston hydraulic cylinders and a gear pump operate in the main hydraulic system. Due to the operation of the pressure filter, the oil is cleaned to the required level, and 3 multi-section hydraulic distributors direct it to the drives of the working units. Sections are controlled from the cab by pressing the keys on the remote control.

The steering includes a hydraulic system with a planetary dosing pump with a distributor, a gear pump NSh 10-3 and a hydraulic cylinder. The dosing pump, equipped with safety and anti-shock valves, is installed under the platform of the machine and is directly connected to the steering wheel. In the zero state, the oil flows through the channels to the drain. When the steering wheel is turned, the spool is turned and the drain channels are blocked. The oil enters the metering pump, then to the hydraulic cylinder. The piston of the latter begins to move and retracts the rod, which contributes to the rotation of the wheel.

The functionality of the Yenisei KZS 950 equipment is quite wide, but the use of additional equipment can significantly increase it. For this model are offered:

• thresher with a special drum for direct and separate combining;
• harvesting parts of various widths (5000, 6000 and 7000 mm).

The cab of the harvester has a central location. The air conditioner makes the operator's work as comfortable as possible.

Advantages of the Yenisei KZS 950 model:

• a powerful motor and an enlarged bunker, making the harvester more productive than its competitors;
• modernized design of the grinder, which allows you to work with any type of grain;
• cab control;
• availability of key components and spare parts. For the combine, you can use most parts from other grain harvesters (for example, from the Niva family);
• high-quality grain tank cleaning system;
• high permeability;
• 4 headlights, allowing you to work in the dark.

Disadvantages of Yenisei KZS 950:

• frequent breakdown of drive belts;
• poor design of the elevator scrapers, which break off regularly;
• when working with wet grain, the combine auger may stop functioning due to problems with the belt drive;
• poor visibility from the cab.

The device of the Yenisei 950 combine

The harvesting process on the Yenisei 950 grain combine is carried out in the same way as when using other machines of this type:

• the reel lifts the stems;
• the cutting tool cuts them off;
• the conveyor directs the mass to the threshing and separating device;
• the beater drum knocks grain out of spikelets;
• it falls into the slots and moves along the screw conveyor to the grain bin;
• the straw is fed into the chopper and then out.

Improved coupling devices allow you to aggregate the Yenisei 950 combine with headers of various widths, which expands the functionality of the machine and allows you to efficiently harvest with minimal losses:

• narrow (5 m) - on difficult terrain and high-yielding fields;
• wide (6–7 m) - on crops of a large area with a slope of up to 9 degrees.

Wide headers should not be used in high-yielding areas, as the threshing drums do not have time to process the incoming crop, which leads to increased losses.

The operator cabin is equipped with an air-conditioning unit that maintains a comfortable temperature regime in all weather conditions. Noise isolation provides an additional level of comfort. The location of the Yenisei 950 cab in the center with the removal forward gives a good overview of the conveyor and allows the operator to control the progress of work.

Arched wheels provide high maneuverability of equipment both on chernozem and sandy soils. There are 3 ways to place threshing equipment for processing grains and seeds of various crops.